現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解含講解及習(xí)題資料(編輯修改稿)
2025-04-21 06:00 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 e +(表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/單詞/詞組/ 從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))Eg. I have been here since 2000. 我自從2000年開(kāi)始在這里。 I have been here since 5 years ago. 我自從5年前就在這里。 I have been here since I graduated in 2000. 我自從2000年畢業(yè)就在這里。注：1) 對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn) 必須用how long, 決不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. 畫(huà)線提問(wèn)： ________ _______ have you lived here?注2): 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 當(dāng)然也不能用于how long引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句中 Eg. (誤)I have left there for 5 years.(正)I have been away there for 5 years. ★為了表述這種意思,我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 來(lái)代替短暫性動(dòng)詞。 bee →be, begin→ have , borrow → keep, buy → have, go out → be out e (go, arrive, get) →be in die→ be dead, finish→ be over, join→ be in …（be a member of … ） leave→ be away ( from…), open→ be open close→ be closed 練習(xí)： 選用 for和 since填空: haven’t seen each other ______ a long time. father has been in the Party ______ 10 years ago. film has been on ______ 20 minutes. Green has worked here ______ he came to China. grandparents have been dead ______ several years.6. It’s five years _______ we met last time.三、與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都是說(shuō)過(guò)去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的不是事情本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等），不與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間連用。 而一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則只講述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系，常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間連用。 eg：He has bought an EnglishChinese dictionary. 他已經(jīng)買(mǎi)了一本英漢字典。 He bought an EnglishChinese dictionary. 他曾買(mǎi)過(guò)一本英漢字典。第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，想表達(dá)意為：“He bought an EnglishChinese dictionary. And he still has it” “過(guò)去他買(mǎi)了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典” 。第二句用過(guò)去時(shí)只敘述過(guò)去他買(mǎi)過(guò)一本英漢字典這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng) 調(diào)說(shuō)明。2．常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的典型的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ):yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天),just now(剛才)， 時(shí)間+ ago, last +時(shí)間 等。 eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題一．
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