現(xiàn)在完成時講解[含講解與習題](編輯修改稿)
2025-04-21 06:00 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 里。 I have been here since 5 years ago. 我自從5年前就在這里。 I have been here since I graduated in 2000. 我自從2000年畢業(yè)就在這里。注：1) 對for或since引導的時間狀語提問 必須用how long, 決不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. 畫線提問： ________ _______ have you lived here?注2): 短暫性動詞不能和for或since引導的時間狀語連用, 當然也不能用于how long引導的問句中 Eg. (誤)I have left there for 5 years.(正)I have been away there for 5 years. ★為了表述這種意思,我們常用相應的延續(xù)性動詞 來代替短暫性動詞。 bee →be, begin→ have , borrow → keep, buy → have, go out → be out e (go, arrive, get) →be in die→ be dead, finish→ be over, join→ be in …（be a member of … ） leave→ be away ( from…), open→ be open close→ be closed 練習： 選用 for和 since填空: haven’t seen each other ______ a long time. father has been in the Party ______ 10 years ago. film has been on ______ 20 minutes. Green has worked here ______ he came to China. grandparents have been dead ______ several years.6. It’s five years _______ we met last time.三、與一般過去時的用法比較1現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都是說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時注意的不是事情本身，而是強調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等），不與表示過去的時間連用。 而一般過去時，則只講述發(fā)生在過去的動作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系，常與表示過去的時間連用。 eg：He has bought an EnglishChinese dictionary. 他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。 He bought an EnglishChinese dictionary. 他曾買過一本英漢字典。第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時時態(tài)，想表達意為：“He bought an EnglishChinese dictionary. And he still has it” “過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典” 。第二句用過去時只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強 調(diào)說明。2．常與一般過去時連用的典型的表示過去時間的狀語:yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天),just now(剛才)， 時間+ ago, last +時間 等。 eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .現(xiàn)在完成時練習題一． 單項選擇1. I have been living here _____ 1999.A. for B. after C. in D. since have you been playing the guitar? For 5 years.A. How soon B. How long
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