[工學]建筑環(huán)境學chapter41-2thermalcomfortable(編輯修改稿)
2025-03-21 00:50 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ay of goods. ? The relatively low heat output ? can not cause overheating. the second type of artificial light gas discharge sources Most General gas discharge source is Tubular fluorescent lamps 熒光燈管 Figure Tubular fluorescent lamp McMullan 氬或氪 ? The cost is high ? High luminous efficacy 45 lm/w ? Relatively long life 15005000h 10000h above aboard ? Apart from the wellknown tubular fluorescent lamp, usually have a poor colour rendering been restricted to outdoor lighting Characters of gas discharge lamps 氣體放電燈的特點 Modern types of discharge lamp 現(xiàn)代的氣體放電燈 ? colour rendering good enough for largescale interior lighting 顯色性能大大提高，可廣泛用于室內(nèi)大面積照明 ? such as factories and warehouses. 比如工廠和倉庫 ? high efficiency give significant energy savings in buildings 高光效能顯著節(jié)能 1） Compact fluorescent lamps緊湊型熒光燈(CFL) ? Many CFLs are designed to replace an incandescent lamp ? lowenergy 低能耗 Some Modern types of discharge lamps A tubulartype 管式 most popular types in Europe. A spiraltype螺旋式 slightly reduced efficiency Characters of CFLs 緊湊型熒光燈的特點 ? CFLs use less power 用電少 ? have a longer life 壽命長 ? In the United States, a CFL has a higher purchase price than an incandescent lamp, but can save over US$40 in electricity costs over the lamp39。s life time. 在美國，該燈的價格要高于白熾燈，但整個壽命內(nèi)可節(jié)約的電費達 40美元 ? Like all fluorescent lamps, CFLs contain mercury, which plicates their disposal 和其他熒光燈一樣， CFLs含有汞蒸氣，處理起來復雜 2） Mercury discharge lamps 汞放電燈 ? uses mercury in an excited state激發(fā)狀態(tài) to produce light. ? mercury lamp emits sharp light at certain blue and green wavelengths. 發(fā)藍、綠光 ?mercury halide lamp鹵汞燈 , better colour rendering high efficacy A metal halide gas discharge lighting system provides illumination for a college baseball game at Olsen Field in College Station, Texas. Note the various colors of the lights as they warm up 3） Sodium discharge lamps鈉放電燈 Lowpressure sodium lamps 低壓鈉燈 Sodium 鈉（發(fā)光） Mercury 汞（緩沖劑和增加放電電抗的作用） xenon 氙氣 （起?。? ? distinctive 鮮明的 yellow light ? gives poor colour rendering . ? Very high efficacy ? been traditionally used for street lighting ? 燈塔指示燈、航道、機場跑道的照明 Highpressure sodium lamps （ SON）高壓鈉燈 ? produce a continuous spectrum without much blue light ? a colour rendering more acceptable ? used in modern street lighting and for the economic lighting of large areas such as forecourts籃球場 and warehouses倉庫 . Office building illuminated by high pressure sodium lamps. 無極燈 ? 高頂棚工業(yè)廠房的照明光源應選用 ? 高顯色光源 ? 高光效光源 ? 瞬間啟動光源 ? 低色溫光源 Reflection ? We describe the path of light as straightline rays ? Reflection off a flat surface follows a simple rule: ? angle in (incidence) equals angle out (reflection) ? angles measured from surface ―normal‖ (perpendicular) surface normal same angle incident ray exit ray reflected ray Virtual Images in Plane Mirrors If light energy doesn39。t flow from the image, the image is virtual. Rays seem
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