【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 , In the United States, a technological university has been set up to teach engineering courses by satellite. And the advances in telemunications and putational power will dramatically expand the opportunities for national and international efforts in education and training. Without romanticizing the machine, it is clear that puters uniquely change the potential for equipping today’s citizens for unprecedented tasks of the future. Particularly in Europe and the United States, innovation will be the basis for continued prosperity. New petitors are emerging to challenge the old economic arrangements. How successfully we respond will depend on how much we invest in people and how wisely we employ the learning tools of the new technology. What is the decisive factor in future petition between nations?A. Oil. B. Technological skill. C. Natural resources D] EducationThe main idea of this passage is A. Knowledge of a Computer. B. Importance of a Computer. C. Function of Knowledge. C. Function of Technology. Why does further study bee indispensable?A. People want to so more jobs. B. People want to attain this extraordinary level of education. C. People would not rest on the past achievements. D. What we know bees obsolete. The word “Proteus” is closest in meaning to A. flexibility. B. diversity. C. variety. D. multiplicity. 答案詳解B. 工藝技術(shù)。這在第一段就講到“在未來，國與國之間的競爭越來越以工藝技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)。盡管石油和其他自然資源仍很重要，但它們不會再對一個國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)實力起決定性的作用?！盇. 石油。 C. 自然資源，這兩項不是決定性因素。 D. 教育。文內(nèi)教育作為改革的一個方面，其重點是在學(xué)校內(nèi)應(yīng)用計算機(jī)，來改變教學(xué)質(zhì)量，達(dá)到革新人才的目的。并不是直接參與競爭?？蓞⒖吹?題的答案及譯注。B. 計算機(jī)的重要性。整篇文章都顯示了這一點。第三段“工業(yè)上，信息處理和制定必要的改革計劃以適應(yīng)市場需要意味著越來越多使用計算機(jī)。學(xué)校緊跟工業(yè)之后……”第四段“計算機(jī)是一種變化多端，神通廣大的機(jī)器，因為它顯示千種圖象，發(fā)揮千種功能。而它的真正的革命性可在其相互作用的潛能中看出。有了先進(jìn)的計算機(jī)，學(xué)習(xí)可以個別進(jìn)行，速度自行規(guī)定。教師變得更有成效……?！钡谖宥巍啊捎诶糜嬎銠C(jī)，在學(xué)校低年級就能教授物理學(xué)和高等數(shù)學(xué)概念……?！弊詈笠欢萎孆堻c睛地指出：“計算機(jī)獨一無二地改變著那種今天公民能擔(dān)當(dāng)未來空前任務(wù)的潛能……新的競爭對手正在崛起，自由的經(jīng)濟(jì)布局提出挑戰(zhàn)。我們?nèi)绾尾拍茼樌膽?yīng)戰(zhàn)，取決于我們對人的投資的多寡，取決于我們怎么聰慧地應(yīng)用新技術(shù)的學(xué)習(xí)工具。”所以選擇B。 A. 計算機(jī)知識。C. 知識的功能。D. 技術(shù)功能，這三項只是計算機(jī)重要性中涉及到的一個方面，不能作為中心思想。D. 因為我們知道的一切變得陳舊。第二段頭幾句話“我們決不能吃老本，當(dāng)今的競爭使我們的大部分知識變得陳舊，非加以革新不可。對每個人來說，他們將慣常從事某幾種職業(yè)，并且非繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)修和從新接受訓(xùn)練不可……。”都說明進(jìn)修學(xué)習(xí)的原因。A. 人們要做更多工作。文內(nèi)沒有提到。B. 人們要到達(dá)非同一般的教育水平。這是目的，不是原因。C. 人們不能吃老本。這話并沒有完全講清楚全部原因。A. 靈活多變。 Proteus 一詞，原義是指希臘神話中變幻無常的海神，普羅狄斯，他可以隨心所欲邊成各種形狀。這里指靈活多變。Passage Four The Relationship between Brain Process with Mental ExperienceBy 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience. Near the turn of the century, it had been suggested by Hering that different modes of sensation, such as pain, taste and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervous energy, However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentials failed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types。 however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. Although qualitative variance among nerve rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as “mon currency” throughout the nervous system. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but, rather, the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebral cortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for that particular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from the auditory cortex, and so on. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as for as psychoneural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences. However, cortical as diverse as those of red, black, green and white, or touch, cold, warmth, movement, pain, posture and pressure apparently may arise through activation of the same cortical areas. What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brain excitation: it is the difference in the central distribution of impulses that counts. In short, Brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity of relatively homogenous nervecell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue. To match the multiple dimensions of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses. Up until 1950, efforts to establish that brain processes and mental experience are related would most likely have been met withA. vexation. B. irritability. C. discouragement D. neutralityThe author mentions “mon currency” primarily in order to emphasize the A. lack of differentiation among nerve impulses in human beings. B. similarities in the views of the scientists. C. similarity of sensations of human beings. D. continuous passage of nerve impulses through the nervous system. Which of the following theories is reinforced by the depiction of the experiment in lines 16—19?A. Cognitive experience manifested by sensory nerve impulses are influenced by the area of the brain stimulated. B. Qualitative diversity in nerve potentials can now be studied more accurately. C. Sens