【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 actors Problem Description Solution Heredity It is inherited and run in families Physiology changes or imbalances in chemicals called neurotransmitters which transmit information in the brain Antidepressant drugs relieve certain symptoms of depression Psychological Factors Low selfesteem and selfdefeating thinking are connected with depression Sufferers who make correction to their thinking patterns can show improved mood and selfesteem Early Experiences Event like the death of a parent the divorce of parents neglect chronic illness and severe physical abuse can increase the likelihood of depression Present Experiences Job loss financial difficulties long periods of unemployment the loss of a spouse or other family member or longterm stress may trigger depression Living with somebody with depression This causes increased anxiety which adds to the possibility of their also being depressed VI Further Listening and SpeakingTask1 Reason and EmotionScriptEmotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason s is suggested by phrase such as appeal to emotions rather than reason and dont let your emotions take over Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or thoughts which people may later regret or disagree with but during an emotional state they could not control their actions Thus it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reasonHowever recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a clear distinction between reason and emotion Indeed anger or fear can often be thought of as an instinctive response to observed fact The human mind possesses many possible reactions to the external world Those reactions can lie on a continuum with some of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic which is often called cold and others involving the extremes of pure emotion not related to logical agreement which is called the heat of passion The relation logic and emotion merits careful study Passion emotion or feeling can reinforce an argument event one based primarily on reason This is especially true in religion or ideology which frequently demands an allornothing rejection or acceptance In such areas of thought human beings have to adopt a prehensive view partly backed by empirical argument and partly by feeling and passion Moreover several researchers have suggested that typically there is no pure decision or thought that is no thought is based purely on intellectual logic or purely on emotionmost decisions are founded on a mixture of both1 What results does the speaker may some from emotional reactions2 What is the popular belief about reason and emotion3 What does the speaker mean by cold 4 According to the passage what should people do in religious matters5 What is the speakers conclusionKeys 1A 2B 3C 4C 5DTask 2 DepressionScriptPat You look depressed Are you feeling blue Ive e to cheer you upTed But theres nothing that can cheer me up Im down in the dumps Lifes miserablePat You have to try to get your mind off thingsTed But I cant I just feel theres too much pressure on me sometimesPat You cant let things get you down Learn to relax and stop worrying all the time Whats your problemTed I failed my last exam and another exam is ing I get boredPat If I were you Id start working hard If you work hard for a long time youre bound to get better grades You see no pain no gainTed Its easier said than done If I read for fifteen minutes I get boredPat You have to learn some selfdisciplineBut how can I stay cheerful all the timeTed Worse than that If I read for half an hour I get a headache Then I start to worry about passing the next examPat Its all in your mind If you stay cheerful like me everything will soon be OKTed But how can I stay cheerful all the timePat Try to look on the bright side of thingsTed But what if there isnt a bright sidePat You know the saying Every cloud has a silver lining It means therere always tow sides to everythingboth the dark and the bright sides So try to identify your strengths and bring then into full playTed Oh no Your corny old sayings are making me even more depressedKeys TFFTFTask3 AngerScriptAnger is an emotion that can be hard to control Despite this we should learn how to manage anger in a constructive manner In the most intense moments of anger we usually have two choices to fight or to run Some choose the option of violence which is a negative reaction to anger and others choose to run Some may think running means you are a coward But the option of walking away and claiming down is the more productive method of handling anger It is difficult to walk away especially when your heart is racing and your anger is boiling overThere are constructive ways of handling anger in any situation First you have to stop for a brief moment and think before you act Take that moment and calm down id you feel yourself being pushedAt that moment you should admit you are angry If you refuse to admit youre angry or hurt or if you make it appear that everything is peaches and cream you are not managing angry in a productive way You should first admit you are angry and let your feelings out before you blow up Foe example you can stay in a quiet place by yourself and shout or you can talk to a close friend to vent your rage If you do not acknowledge your anger it only builds up inside you and will eventually explode like a volcano Then in order to manage your angry you can ask yourself an important question that we all must ask ourselves What made me angry When you get the answer and then ask yourself Why did that made me angry Through such logical reasoning one tends to calm down and move toward a sensible solutionNews ReportUS Roller CoasterScriptThe worlds first 4D roller coaster X took on its first passengers last week at the Six Flags Magic Mountain theme park just outside Los AngelesA