【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 he medieval play Everyman, some of the roles are abstract ideas such as Beauty, Knowledge, and Strength. The central character is Everyman, a human character, and the subject is death arriving before we want it to e—a theme that is universal to humans. The focus of drama is on human beings, even though different human concerns have been emphasized in different plays.In view of the human—centered quality of theatre, it is not surprising that the impulse toward theatre is universal. The urge to create drama has existed wherever human society has developed: in Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. In every culture recorded in history or studied by anthropologists, we find rituals, ceremonies, and celebrations that include elements of theatre. At various times, these ceremonies and stories developed into a separate realm of theatre. In Greece, a fully developed theatre emerged almost 2,500 years ago. In India, theatre became wellestablished around 2,000 years ago. Wherever theatre has bee a separate art form, it has had certain essential qualities: a story—the play—is presented by one group—the performers—to another group—the audience.One special quality of a theatre performance is its immediacy. In the theatre, we live in the perpetual present tense. Theatre is a transitory art. A performance changes from moment to moment, and each moment is a direct, immediate adventure for the audience. The transitory nature of theatre is a quality it shares with music and dance, and sets it apart from literature and the visual arts. A novel or a painting is a fixed object。 it exists as a finished product. The performing art, on the other hand, are not objects but events. Theatre occurs through time。 it is an experience created by a series of sights, sounds, and impressions. 14. How does the art of theatre convey its message?A) An instrument or voice produces sound.B) A camera converts light to images on film.C) People perform a story for another group.D) A person writes a story for others to read.15. The author discusses literature in paragraph 2 in order to illustrate what point?A) Literature and drama are both written forms of munication.B) Reading a novel and attending a play are different experiences. C） Both novelists and dramatists use an outline to organize ideas.D) Many actors prefer roles from classic works of literature. sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 3? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A) A play’s scenery, lighting, and costumes contribute to the message of the play.B) Theatre is the only art form that mixes more than one medium in a single work of art.C) A successful dramatist knows how to blend purpose, viewpoint, and theme into a unique performance.D) Theatre is a distinct art form by the way it joins characters and audience in the telling of a story. does the author mention Everyman in paragraph 5?A) To show that definition of theatre has evolved over timeB) To give an example of a play in which abstract ideas are charactersC) To pare the importance of beauty, knowledge, and strengthD) To illustrate the universal human desire to create theatre word theme in paragraph 5 refers to A) performers playing animals, objects, or ideasB) death arriving before we want it to eC) beauty, knowledge, and strengthD) Everyman as a central character word urge in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning toA) moneyB) educationC) motivationD) patience word realm in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to A) formB) ritualC) scienceD) tool of the following can be inferred from paragraph 6 about the development of theatre?A) In every human society, theatre appeared before other forms of art.B) Theatre could not have developed without the support of political leaders.C) People created theatre as a way to promote peace between rival groups.D) Theatre emerged as a distinct art form at different times around the world. word transitory in paragraph 7 is closest in meaning toA) temporaryB) beautifulC) surprisingD) expressive is theatre similar to the other performing arts?A) It is based on works of literature.B) It exits as a finished product.C) It is an event that occurs through time.D) It is presented the same way every time. to the passage, all of the following are true of theatre EXCEPTA) The impulse toward theatre is universal.B) The medium of theatre is written language.C) Theatre is a distinct form of art.D) The focus of theatre is always human. at the four squares, [A] [B] [C] and [D], which indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?Thus, theatre is a shared event, an experience that includes both those who perform and who observe.In view of the human—centered quality of theatre, it is not surprising that the impulse toward theatre is universal. [A] The urge to create drama has existed wherever human society has developed: in Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. In every culture recorded in history or studied by anthropologists, we find rituals, ceremonies, and celebrations that include elements of theatre. [B] At various times, these ceremonies and stories developed into a separate realm of theatre. In Greece, a fully developed theatre emerged almost 2,500 years ago. In India, theatre became wellestablished around 2,000 years ago. [C] Wherever theatre has bee a separate art form, it has had certain essential qualities: a story—the play—is presented by one group—the performers—to another group—the audience. [D] introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below.