橋梁外文翻譯-橋梁設(shè)計(jì)(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-24 05:48 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ENTS The piles were used to support a load transfer mattress,which was constructed fromlayers of stone and geomembrane grids. Enlarged head piles had been shown on the tender drawing but, again drawing on previous experience, Pell Frischmann demonstrated that this design method could be utilised to reduce the depth of the mattress and it was suggested that this approach be employed at Locking Castle. By casting an enlarged head of 11 m diameter at the top of each pile, the distance to the next pile was reduced and thus the span of the geomembranes in the mattress layers was decreased. Given that the arching effect in the mattress relies on an angle of 458 from the pile to the top of the mattress, the depth of stone could be reduced accordingly. The overall depth of the mattress was reduced from 1500 mm to 900 mm by rationalising the design in this way. This also led to savings in reduced excavation to the original ground level (Fig. 3).Above the mattress the embankment rises to a maximum height of 63 m to carriageway level. To reduce the spread of the embankment, the tender design originally indicated faced precast concrete panels to vertical sidewalls. This was amended later in the tender stage to vertical walls of class A red brickwork, forcing a change in the design of the reinforced embankment. The design of the embankment was subcontracted to Tensar, based on a speci?cation developed by Pell Frischmann. Their system prised uniaxial geogrids laid at varying vertical spacing on pacted granular material. Class 6I/J granular material, in accordance with the Speci?cation for Highway Works1was speci?ed and this made up the bulk of the embankment. The grids were then anchored to drylaid interlocking concrete blocks forming the nearvertical face of the embankment. A vertical drainage layer separated the 6I/J material from the concrete blocks. Ties were installed between the joints in the concrete blocks and the class A brickwork facing was constructed in front. Fig. 4shows the embankment crosssection. 4. BRIDGE AND ABUTMENTS The bridge deck consisted of prestressed Y3 precast concrete beams and an in situ reinforced concrete slab spanning 20 mover the railway lines. Figs 5 and 6 show the long and crosssection of the bridge. The beams were supported on bankseats founded on the reinforced embankments. The narrow nature of the embankments was accentuated at the bankseat area sand it was soon obvious that these were too narrow to avoidresting the structure on the concrete block sidewalls of theembankments. To overe this, the embankments werewidened locally in the vicinity of the abutments to enable thebankseat to sit wholly on the embankment (Fig. 7). As this change was too large to hide, a feature was made of the widened area by the use of strong right angles in the brickwork and precast concrete (PCC) ?agstones laid around the top of the brick wall adjacent to the abutments. The ?nal layout gave added effect and accentuated the bridge and its approaches. Once placed, the PCC beams were cast into each bankseat by the addition of an integral endwall. This eliminate
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