【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 。正如信息中心和國(guó)家經(jīng)貿(mào)委的汪中溟主任，在東道國(guó)最近的大會(huì)上，他總結(jié)說(shuō)，一個(gè) “ 世界工廠 ” 是將我們這個(gè)時(shí)代和社會(huì)的 力量發(fā)展成一種歷史。您是否希望，歷史總是固執(zhí)地表達(dá)其意愿，如果世界工廠來(lái)， 沒(méi)有人可以阻止它。 許多人們相信經(jīng)過(guò) 20多年的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革和對(duì)外開放，中國(guó)能成為世界工廠，這是由日本對(duì)外貿(mào)易會(huì)首次提出來(lái)的，但是，一些人卻認(rèn)為中國(guó)目前僅僅是世界加工廠。中國(guó)生產(chǎn)高技術(shù)含量的能力還不是那么的強(qiáng)，全球的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力還不高，中國(guó)目前只是一個(gè)來(lái)料加工而不是所謂的制造中心。這是由現(xiàn)有的制造水平?jīng)Q定的。中國(guó)與世界先進(jìn)的制造水平還存在著巨大的差距，包括經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，質(zhì)量和制造領(lǐng)域的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，特別是核心科技的比例。 事實(shí)上中國(guó)的制造業(yè)很大程度上集 中于勞動(dòng)密集型，簡(jiǎn)單的加工和組裝，中國(guó)目前是世界供應(yīng)鏈的重要組成部分，是世界最大的紡織品，電話，彩電，及微波爐的制造商，跨國(guó)公司在中國(guó)建立了生產(chǎn)基地，僅僅上海就是世界多家跨國(guó)公司的主要投資基地，中國(guó)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)并不是要成為世界供應(yīng)鏈的一部分，而是要改變他供應(yīng)鏈的價(jià)值，在世界市場(chǎng)上，中國(guó)臨近的國(guó)家正敬畏與崇拜著中國(guó)正在進(jìn)入沒(méi)有挑戰(zhàn)地位的世界工廠。 汪中盟說(shuō)建立一個(gè)世界工廠是一個(gè)歷史的過(guò)程，以及一個(gè)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程。許多專家一致認(rèn)為，目前中國(guó)仍然不是一個(gè) “世界工廠 ” ，我們需要做許多準(zhǔn)備工作，其中涉及的問(wèn)題有關(guān)的 財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利，所有權(quán)，技術(shù)進(jìn)步，管理和改善勞動(dòng)者的素質(zhì)。該系統(tǒng)的項(xiàng)目有許多觸角，有著廣泛的聯(lián)系，并涉及各個(gè)方面，這也是注定是把世界工廠變成現(xiàn)實(shí)我國(guó)不能一蹴而就。 本文摘譯自《 Beijing time》 2021年 2月 Whether Or Not China Has Bee a 39。World Factory39。 Abstact: In fact, much of manufacturing in China is heavily concentrated on labor intensive, China today is a vital part of the global supply chain simple processing and assembly operations challenge for China now is not just to be a part of the global supply chain, but to move up the value chain as well. Key words ： industry manufacture technology world factory Be it is that the media of Japan intend to inspire a sense of national selfimprovement in its people, or that the US media further play up the “theory of China threat” as raised by some Americans, in short, recently, some foreign media have all along been preaching that China has bee a “world factory”. It seems that this kind of “preaching” is not wind ing from hollow cavebeing not a groundless rumor, perhaps reliable data are enough to make us “feel placent”: “Chinamade” products have perated into every corner of the world, in 2021 alone, the volume of China39。s export modities reached US$266 billion, of which 90 percent belonged to industrial manufactured products. At the same time, 80 percent of the world top 500 transnational enterprises have entered China, 390,000 foreignfunded enterprises have been operating in China, China has leapt to second place in the world in the absorption of foreign direct investment. China has bee the world39。s fourth largest manufacturing industrial center, said Chen Xingdong, chief representative of French Peregrine in China, at the Forum on the Development of the World Manufacturing Industry and the Outlook of China39。s Economy concluded on July 28, currently there is a fashionable word abroadgo to China, share the fruit of China39。s development. However, Jing Shuping, vicechairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People39。s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and chairman of the AllChina Federation of Industry and Commerce, indicated in response to the preaching of foreign media, “I think their preaching is a bit too exaggerated”. What he said was not imagination, but was supported by most convincing data. During and after the 60s of the 19th century, Britain was the “world factory”, with the proportion of its manufacturing industrial output value reaching 20 percent of the world total, while that of China at present is only 5 percent of the world total。 at that time, Britain produced 53 percent of the world39。s iron and 50 percent of coal, while in 2021, China39。s export of ordinary steel and iron was worth US$4 billion, while at the same time it had to import US$ billion worth of finequality and special steel and iron, with trade deficit reaching US$ billion。 in 2021, in the placing of the world top 500 enterprises, 11 were Chinese enterprises without a single one being manufacturing enterprises. What made one feel more uneasy even when eating and sleeping was that China39。s manufacturing enterprises were not only few in quantity but poor in quality. In the production chain of global manufacturing industries, Chinese enterprises are swaying on the middle and low sides. Chinese enterprises mostly adopt the OEM manufacturing method, around 74 percent of the export value of 200 top Chinese foreign trade enterprises are registered through the method of processing trade. Therefore, at the recent forum, s