【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 where we learn how to relate, where we develop our sense of selfworth and our interpersonal skills, so even minor forms of trauma, abuse or neglect can have an outsize influence later on in life,” Young says.Want to know about how childhood experiences can affect your adult relationships? Here, Young helps us connect the dots between our past and our present.How is childhood trauma defined?“It is any experience that has a negative impact and is overwhelming to the child. It includes abandonment, neglect, divorce, death, being raised in a family with addicted parents or parents suffering with mental health issues. Some families can look perfect on the outside, but may be mon with painful and destructive relational patterns that have longlasting consequences.”How can you recognize that you have a problem and that it’s linked to past events?“When the behavior, substance or emotions seem to have control of you, rather than you having control of them—that’s a key sign that you have a problem. When thinking about the past, you will do everything to not feel the pain, fear or shame of those experiences. Other signs include feeling on ‘high alert’ all the time, having flashbacks, experiencing high levels of anxiety, codependent relationships and low selfesteem.”How can someone break the habit of repeating past negative behaviors?“Reach out for help—usually this is from a partner, friend or family member. And make the call to a mental health professional—a therapist, or an adviser. There is help available if you reach out.”24. The passage mainly focuses on the fact that ________.A. childhood and adulthood is closely relatedB. childhood has slight influence upon adulthoodC. childhood’s negative experiences are unavoidableD. adulthood has a cure for childhood’s behaviors25. Which is closest in meaning to the underline word “resurface” in the third paragraph?A. repeat B. rediscover C. reappear D. recover26. The fourth paragraph suggests that ________.A. adulthood is someway a reflection of childhoodB. a successful person is one without problems in childhoodC. childhood experiences are most important throughout lifetimeD. adulthood experiences have little to do with childhood27. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Problematic families always have painful and destructive consequences on children.B. South Pacific Private is an organization that deals with childhood mental health issues like trauma.C. A lightbulb moment is when a person experiences most troublesome moment.D. When you experience high levels of anxiety, it’s a key sign that you suffer a trauma.【答案】24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，研究人員就一個(gè)人童年時(shí)期對(duì)成年時(shí)期的影響以及兩者之間的相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析，同時(shí)也提出了協(xié)調(diào)好兩者關(guān)系的一些建議。24. 主旨大意題。通過(guò)閱讀可知，文章第二段提出了本文的話題“Research shows that major issues in adulthood—from addiction and anxiety to pulsive overeating and relationship issues—can be better understood, and resolved, by looking back toward our childhood.(研究表明，通過(guò)回顧我們的童年，成年時(shí)期的主要問(wèn)題——從上癮、焦慮到強(qiáng)迫性暴飲暴食和人際關(guān)系問(wèn)題——可以更好地理解和解決。)”，且文章第五段首句再次點(diǎn)明本文話題“Want to know about how childhood experiences can affect your adult relationships?(想知道童年經(jīng)歷如何影響你成年后的人際關(guān)系嗎?)”,即，文章主要以一個(gè)研究“一個(gè)人的童年時(shí)期經(jīng)歷對(duì)成年時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題的有利解決”為話題，闡明了兩者之間的密切關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。25. 詞義猜測(cè)題。通過(guò)分析劃線單詞所在句“For anyone who experienced trauma in their early years, those feelings can resurface later in life”可知，劃線單詞所在句為主句，且主句應(yīng)是與前文的定語(yǔ)從句“who experienced trauma in their early years(在早年經(jīng)歷過(guò)創(chuàng)傷)”在語(yǔ)意表達(dá)上是相呼應(yīng)的，即，“those feelings(那些感覺(jué))”呼應(yīng)“trauma(創(chuàng)傷)”，“l(fā)ater in life(在以后的生活中/成年時(shí)期)”呼應(yīng)“in their early years(在早年/童年時(shí)期)”，“can resurface”應(yīng)是與“experienced(經(jīng)歷)”相呼應(yīng)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意“在以后的生活”可推知，劃線單詞“resurface”應(yīng)是表達(dá)“再次經(jīng)歷/再現(xiàn)”含義，與選項(xiàng)C“reappear(再現(xiàn))”表達(dá)含義一致。故選C項(xiàng)。26. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Childhood is where we learn how to relate, where we develop our sense of selfworth and our interpersonal skills, so even minor forms of trauma, abuse or neglect can have an outsize influence later on in life.(童年是我們學(xué)習(xí)如何聯(lián)系的地方，是我們發(fā)展自我價(jià)值感和人際交往能力的地方，所以即使是輕微的創(chuàng)傷、虐待或忽視都會(huì)對(duì)以后的生活產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。)”可知，童年時(shí)期的創(chuàng)傷經(jīng)歷會(huì)對(duì)成年時(shí)期產(chǎn)生很大的影響，由此可推知，該段內(nèi)容在表明成年時(shí)期的行為會(huì)影射童年經(jīng)歷，在某種程度上是童年時(shí)期經(jīng)歷的反映。故選A項(xiàng)。27. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“For anyone who experienced trauma in their early years, those feelings can resurface later in life, explains Diane Young, a senior mental doctor at South Pacific Private.(南太平洋私人醫(yī)院的高級(jí)心理醫(yī)生黛安楊解釋說(shuō)，對(duì)于那些早年經(jīng)歷過(guò)創(chuàng)傷的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這些感覺(jué)可能會(huì)在晚年再次浮現(xiàn)。)”中提及的Dr. Yang的身份是南太平洋私人醫(yī)院的高級(jí)心理醫(yī)生，她發(fā)表的言論是關(guān)于“童年創(chuàng)傷對(duì)成年期影響”的，由此可推知，南太平洋私人醫(yī)院是一個(gè)處理兒童心理健康問(wèn)題的組織，比如創(chuàng)傷。故選B項(xiàng)。CScientists have designed “transparent wood” that could replace conventional glass in windows. The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and Central America, and claims to be five times more thermally efficient than glass.The team treated balsa wood in an oxidizing bath (氧化池) that bleaches (漂白) it of nearly all visibility and then poured it into a synthetic polymer (合成物) called polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 聚乙烯醇), creating a product that is virtually transparent.Unlike traditional glass, the transparent wood can bear much stronger impacts and will bend or separate when damaged, instead of being destroyed into tiny pieces.The transparent wood was created by teams at the University of Maryland and University of Colorado, which set out to find a greener alternative to conventional glass—a production that creates 25,000 tons in emissions each year.Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass contributes to a loss of energy.“Residential building windows in particular account for 1025% of the heat loss due to their poor thermal (保熱的) management capability,” the team wrote in the study.“Exploring energy efficient window materials is thus highly desirable to address heating costs, energy shortages, and the global impact of climate change associated with increased carbon emissions.”The team notes that the bonding between PVA and cellulose (纖維素) in the wood, creates a tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection and makes it more durable and lighter than glass.“Switching to transparent wood coul