【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 boards),in the open where everyone could see what was going on. Pipe down!, meaning Be quiet!, is anothermon expression that has nautical origins. The ship39。s boatswain (水手長) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at theend of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep. Most native English speakers have heard the expression notenough room to swing a cat, but few know that the cat does notrefer to a small furry animal with four legs and a tail. The cat isactually a short form of cat of nine tails — a whip with nine, knotted(打結(jié)的) tails. A boatswain needed a lot of spacein order to swing the whip properly when lashing (鞭打) a poor sailor under his control!（1）The British have been strongly influenced by the sea because ________. A.they occupied more land around the worldB.they got more wealth from the seaC.they live on an island surrounded by the seaD.they had the largest navy ever（2）If someone is open and above board, it means he is ________. A.secretiveB.honestC.cheerfulD.dishonest（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.B.Sailors will be whipped if they do business below decks.C.A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D.There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The business on British sailing ships.B.The influence of British sailors39。 language on English.C.The sailing history of England.D.The sailing story of British sailors.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，英國作為一個島國，四周環(huán)海，海洋在英國人的生活中起著重要的作用。英國曾有著強(qiáng)大的海軍。一直以來，水手們經(jīng)常使用的一些航海術(shù)語豐富并影響著英語這門語言。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“They are surrounded by the sea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives.”可知，英國被海洋環(huán)繞，海對英國人的生活影響很大。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“…people monly describe an honest and fair business deal as being “above board”可知，如果”一個誠實公正的人就會被認(rèn)為是39。above board39。”。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The ship39。s boatswain (水手長) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at the end of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.”可知船上的水手長會在一天結(jié)束的時候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手們表示應(yīng)該安靜下來睡覺了。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介紹英國是一個受到海洋影響的國家，四周環(huán)海，航海在人們的生活中起著重要的作用。以此引入主題即水手們在航行時使用的一些航海術(shù)語對英語這門語言所產(chǎn)生的影響。故選B。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are being horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would bee fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver39。s seat is another matter. Road politeness is not only good manners, but a good sense. It takes the most coolheaded drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and bees so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behavior of politeness is by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don39。t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it. However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. A typical example is the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oning cars that may not be able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to. An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in a traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can39。t even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship (公路駕車技能). Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more giveandtake from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.（1）The most suitable title for this passage would be __________. Jams. Manners. Politeness. Drivers.（2）Troubles on the road are often caused by __________. jams behavior of the drivers great speed of modern life road conditions（3）According to the writer, a good driver should __________. children to cross the road whenever they want to back when forced to face rude driving able to recognize politeness when he sees it in a traffic stream quickly however other people feel（4）t is not always right for drivers to __________. the roadmanship politeness when they see it a friendly nod in answer to an act of politeness old ladies to cross the road whenever and wherever they want to【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了的道路行車禮儀的話題，道路行車的禮儀正變得越來越糟糕了，道路行車禮儀不僅僅是有禮貌的還是有意義的，接下來介紹了一些不恰當(dāng)?shù)淖龇ǎ詈筇岢鑫拿餍熊噭菰诒匦小?（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Road politeness is not only good manners, but a good sense. ”；以及第三段中的“However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous”可知，文章從正反兩面講述了司機(jī)在道路上行駛的時候所應(yīng)該注意的禮貌問題，而且作者在最后一段介紹了一位有經(jīng)驗的司機(jī)對此的看法，由此判斷這篇文章最合適的標(biāo)題是道路禮儀。故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“...but manners on the road are being horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would bee fierce tigers behind the wheel”；以及第二段中的“...， but good sense too. It takes the most coolheaded drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving.”可知，但是在路上的舉止卻越來越糟糕。每個人都知道，最善良的人在駕駛時也會變成兇猛的老虎。即使是頭腦最冷靜的司機(jī)，在被迫面對粗魯?shù)鸟{駛行為時，也需要極大的耐心來放棄反擊的欲望。所以馬路上的麻煩很多都是由人的行為引起的，故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Many drivers nowadays don39。t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.“可知，現(xiàn)在的很多司機(jī)看起來不知道什么才是道路