【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 fine idea, but as health swallows an everbigger share of national wealth, greater efficiency is exactly what is needed, at least so far as governments and insurers are concerned. Otherwise, rich societies may fail to cope with the needs of ageing and growing populations. An extra five minutes spent chatting with a patient is costly as well as valuable. The AI revolution will also enable managerial accountants to adjust and evaluate every aspect of treatment. The autonomy of the doctor will surely be weakened, especially, perhaps, in publichealth systems which are dutybound to cut unnecessary costs. The Hippocratic Oath(誓言) holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science, and that “warmth, sympathy and understanding may outweigh the surgeon39。s knife or the chemist39。s drug”. There39。s lots of sense in it: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to recover better. Yet as the supply of human carers fails to satisfy the demand for health care, the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by chatbots. The considerately warmed stethoscope (聽診器) ,placed gently on a patient39。s back, may bee a relic of the past.（1）What39。s Dr Topol39。s attitude toward AI39。s ing into medicine? ....（2）What does the author of the text attach more importance to? costs. wealth. consultation. efficiency.（3）Why is the Hippocratic Oath mentioned? prove the bright future of AI. show the advantage of a human doctor. explain medical equipment is more important. argue a human doctor performs as well as a robot.（4）What may be the best title for the text? care and AI and its applications and Patients Topol and digital medicine【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，盡管現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)創(chuàng)造了許多技術(shù)奇跡，但醫(yī)療保健——包括傳真機(jī)和剪貼板——已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。隨著人工智能革命的到來(lái)，這個(gè)過(guò)時(shí)的時(shí)代正在慢慢接近尾聲。作者認(rèn)為人工智能旨在節(jié)省時(shí)間、生命和金錢，對(duì)提高效率是很有幫助的。但同時(shí)也指出人類醫(yī)生可以和機(jī)器人表現(xiàn)得一樣好。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Eric Topol, an expert in heart disease and enthusiast for digital medicine, thinks AI will be particularly useful”可知Topol醫(yī)生認(rèn)為認(rèn)為人工智能將特別有用，即他對(duì)人工智能進(jìn)入醫(yī)學(xué)界是持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度的，故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“That is a fine idea, but as health swallows an everbigger share of national wealth, greater efficiency is exactly what is needed, at least so far as governments and insurers are concerned.”可知作者認(rèn)為但隨著健康吞噬了越來(lái)越多的國(guó)家財(cái)富，提高效率正是我們所需要的。即作者更注重提高效率。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“There39。s lots of sense in it: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to recover better.”有同情心的醫(yī)生的病人康復(fù)得更好。可推理作者提到Hippocratic Oath的目的在于指出人類醫(yī)生的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。縱觀全文可知，本文討論人工智能即將進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)界，就此展開討論。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Food experts say washing could spread the germs on your turkey in the kitchen sink or nearby food. But it39。s been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing (沖洗)off raw poultry. Germs that can make people sick are mon in the guts of healthy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. The assumption is that nobody eats their poultry raw, and that thorough cooking will kill the bacteria. The do — not — wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn39。t caught on because it goes against the mon belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman. Benjamin Chapman, a study author and food safety expert at North Carolina State University, said the instinct to wash raw poultry goes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problems with poultry. Meanwhile, washing hands and surfaces are also important. But food preparation is a plicated act, and germs from poultry can be spread even if it39。s not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging. The USDAfunded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken with a harmless strain of E. coli (大腸桿菌)and watched volunteer cooks at test kitchens. Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking. To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after the meal is cooked, you aren39。t out of the danger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftovers safe, experts say they should be refrigerated after two hours.（1）People don39。t accept USDA39。s advice because____. advice is relatively new seems more trustworthy clean the turkey before cooking it can kill most germs and no one eats raw food（2）What can be concluded from Paragraph 4? packages carry germs. and surfaces are easy to get E. coli. from a turkey can be spread whether it is washed or not. methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.（3）Which way may help to cook a turkey safely? off the turkey before it is heated. the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator. hands and packages before taking out the turkey. a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.（4）From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken? ....【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，食品專家說(shuō)清洗可能會(huì)在廚房水槽或附近的食物中傳播火雞身上的細(xì)菌，但美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)論是否被清洗，火雞身上的細(xì)菌都會(huì)傳播，同時(shí)指出用溫度計(jì)檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The do — not — wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn39。t caught on because it goes against the mon belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman.”查普曼說(shuō)，美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建議相對(duì)較新，但可能還沒(méi)有流行起來(lái)，因?yàn)檫@違背了人們普遍認(rèn)為的“清洗可以使東西干凈”的觀念，可知，人們不接受美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部的建議是因?yàn)榍逑此坪醺档眯刨?，故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking.”在那些清洗生雞肉的人中，約四分之一的人最終將細(xì)菌傳播到生菜上，但即使是一些沒(méi)有清洗雞肉的人，生菜上也有細(xì)菌，火雞身上的細(xì)