【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 (2)by+時(shí)間，意為“到……時(shí)”。如:Tom must have returned by 來(lái)了。 (3) by +交通工具，意為“乘……”。如:I go to work by 。 (4)by用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，意為“被……，由……”。如:This car is repaired by his 。 (5)by的固定短語(yǔ):by the way順便提一下。by oneself獨(dú)自。 同類變式5 (1)Bruce is learning Chinese watching news on TV. A. in B. by C. at (2)—Jack, is maths difficult to learn in high school? —Sure. No subject can be learned well hard work. A. without B. through C. by D. with (3)Yesterday I downloaded a new program Internet. Now I can watch TV and movies my puter. A. from。 on B. with。 in C. in。 with D. on。 from (4)Wele to our store. We have skirts all colors $16 each. A. at。 in B. in。 for C. at。 at D. in。 in精彩筆記6 表示“除了……”的介詞 except, but, besides這三個(gè)詞都有“除了……”的意思，但含義和用法有區(qū)別。 except“除……以外，除去……”，即把除去的部分減去，不能用于句首。 but“……除外”，“不包括”。用法基本與except相同。 besides“除了……還有……，再加上”，即把除去的部分加上。核心題根6 Most of the kids in our school enjoy pop songs, some hit songs on the Internet like Gangnam Style. A. besides B. including C. except D. without 思路點(diǎn)撥:besides“除……之外(還有)”。 including“包括”。except“除了……”。 without“沒(méi)有”。由句意“我們學(xué)校中大部分孩子喜歡流行音樂(lè)，包括網(wǎng)上一些像Gangnam Style這樣風(fēng)靡一時(shí)的歌曲”可知，此處用including。 同類變式6 The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings。 ，it caused 20 deaths. A. or else B. therefore C. after all D. besides相關(guān)提示 except, but, besides用于否定句時(shí)，可以互換。如:There aren39。t any other people to be considered besides/except/but ，其他人將不予考慮。精彩筆記7 表示“……的……”的介詞of , to和for 這三個(gè)介詞都可以與后面的名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)修飾其前面的名詞，譯成漢語(yǔ)是“……的……”。但這三個(gè)介詞表示的含義不相同，也不能隨意互換。核心題根7 用for, to或of填空完成下列短語(yǔ)，并將其譯成漢語(yǔ)。 (1) books children home work today tickets the show a letter you (2) the door the room the name the hospital the wheel Mr Green39。s car (3) the key the door the answer the question the entrance the building 思路點(diǎn)撥:考查幾個(gè)與名詞連用的介詞的用法，注意其與漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)上的思維差異。 同類變式7 (1)I love this picture you beside the music fountain. A. in B. of C. on D. at (2)—Could you tell me the way the railway station?—Go along this road and soon you39。ll find it. A. at B. to C. in D. between知識(shí)歸納 (1)of表示的是整體中不可分割的一部分，表示“所屬”，與漢語(yǔ)的“的”一致。 (2) for表示用途、對(duì)象，可譯為“對(duì)于，供，為”。與漢語(yǔ)的“的”不一致。 (3)to表示的是附屬于某事物或與之相連。精彩筆記8 表示支持、反對(duì)的介詞 against意為“反對(duì)”，指在觀點(diǎn)或主張等方面與某人采取對(duì)立的態(tài)度。此外，against還有“倚靠，逆著，相反，在……的襯托下，與……比賽”等意思。for指在觀點(diǎn)或主張等方面與某人采取一致的態(tài)度，意思是“支持，贊成”，與in favor of同義。核心題根8 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子，一空一詞。 (1) Are you or the new road scheme?你對(duì)修建新道路的計(jì)劃是贊成還是反對(duì)? (2)She was forced to marry her 。 (3)That39。s the 。 (4)The skier39。s red clothes stood out clearly the 。 思路點(diǎn)撥:此題考查for和against的用法，要注意區(qū)分。 同類變式8 (1)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows A. below B. across C. behind D. against (2)One of the opinions smoking is that it is harmful to people39。s health. A. for B. against C. at D. in知識(shí)歸納 about, on, of, over都可以表示“關(guān)于”。 ① about表示的內(nèi)容較普通，側(cè)重?cái)⑹隆? ② on多用于比較重大的、涉及比較深廣的諸如國(guó)際形勢(shì)、政治、理論、學(xué)術(shù)問(wèn)題、專著等方面的問(wèn)題。如:He told me a story about Lei Feng。他給我講了關(guān)于雷鋒的一個(gè)故事。This is a book on the radio。這是一本關(guān)于無(wú)線電的書(shū)。 ③of常與一些動(dòng)詞搭配，如:hear of“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”,speak of“說(shuō)到”, talk of“談及”，think of“想到”,plain of“埋怨”等。 ④over表示“關(guān)于某個(gè)問(wèn)題，就某事”。跟蹤練習(xí)1. It was a real race time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. A. over B. by C. for D. against2. A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics. A. against B. before C. beyond D. without3. I have an appointment Dr Smith, but I need to change it. A. to B. off C. with D. from4.—I39。m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas? 一How about the Moon Lake? It is easy reach of the city. A. by B. beyond C. within D. from5. 100℃ is the temperature which water will boil. A. for B. at C. on D. of6. Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders? A. at B. on C. to D. across7. With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken color. A. by B. for C. with D. in8. He was a good student and scored average in most subjects. A. below B. of C. on D. above9. Shirley, a real book lover，often brings home many books to read the library. A. in B. for C. by D. from10. The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than11. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyone39。s enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D. to12. My father warned me going to the W