【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 。中考閱讀中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)對(duì)于數(shù)字和年代等細(xì)節(jié)的考查，看似容易，但是考生經(jīng)常由于疏忽大意而失掉這些最容易的分?jǐn)?shù)。其中要注意以下幾點(diǎn)原則：① 如果出現(xiàn)需要進(jìn)行運(yùn)算的題目，一般來說文章的原始數(shù)據(jù)不是正確答案；② 如果答案中的四個(gè)數(shù)字或者時(shí)間都與文章的某一個(gè)部分相符合，那么要注意這些數(shù)字和時(shí)間所對(duì)應(yīng)的不同問題，只選擇與題目相關(guān)的那個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)；③ 要注意年份和世紀(jì)之間的差別，比如1999 年就是20 世紀(jì)，2009年就是21 世紀(jì)，也就是說世紀(jì)的數(shù)字是年份的前兩個(gè)數(shù)字加1。所謂的專有名詞包括人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名稱、書籍文章影視作品的名稱以及其他專有名詞。在閱讀文章的過程中，每遇到專有名詞可以用鉛筆作上標(biāo)記，以便如果在題目中出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)專有名詞可以進(jìn)行快速定位。最高級(jí)詞匯以及其他一些表示唯一性的詞匯由于其意義的絕對(duì)性，因而不容易產(chǎn)生歧義，所以也經(jīng)常成為出題對(duì)象。這些詞語(yǔ)包括形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)，以及以下詞匯：only, simply, just, always, forever, never, none, must, all, any (anyone, anybody, anywhere)等。說明文或者議論文中經(jīng)常引用他人的觀點(diǎn)來支持、佐證作者的觀點(diǎn)。引文有可能是從正面來支持作者的觀點(diǎn)，也有可能是作者通過駁斥反面觀點(diǎn)從而論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。因此，引文間接地表達(dá)了作者自己的觀點(diǎn)，有一定的隱蔽性和迷惑性，所以也是出題考查的熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)，通常會(huì)考查考生的推理能力和對(duì)作者態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)的判斷能力。無論是說明文還是議論文，一篇文章往往會(huì)分成幾個(gè)部分或?qū)哟芜M(jìn)行說明和論證，每一個(gè)段落一般都是一個(gè)部分或者層次。英美人寫文章的邏輯性非常強(qiáng)，文章結(jié)構(gòu)都非常規(guī)范，因此每個(gè)段落的首句和尾句也經(jīng)常是該段落的中心思想句，因此也是出題的重點(diǎn)區(qū)域，涉及的問題包括了中心思想題、推理判斷題和細(xì)節(jié)題等。在進(jìn)行快速閱讀的時(shí)候，考生只需要瀏覽文章每一段的第一句話就大致能夠判斷這篇文章的中心思想和主旨。有一些特殊的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)也經(jīng)常成為出題的對(duì)象，因此考生應(yīng)該對(duì)以下標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的用法較為熟悉：冒號(hào)、括號(hào)、破折號(hào)以及引號(hào)。逗號(hào)：兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的內(nèi)容、或者一個(gè)逗號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容，通常都起到補(bǔ)充說明第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前面內(nèi)容的作用。冒號(hào)：冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容通常都是用來解釋說明前面的內(nèi)容，例如前面是抽象的概念后面就是對(duì)這個(gè)概念的具體說明。括號(hào)：括號(hào)中間的內(nèi)容通常用來解釋或補(bǔ)充說明括號(hào)前面的內(nèi)容。破折號(hào)：兩個(gè)破折號(hào)之間的內(nèi)容、或者一個(gè)破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容，通常表示解釋說明或者補(bǔ)充說明。引號(hào)：表示引用他人的觀點(diǎn)，一般用來從正面或者反面支持作者的觀點(diǎn)。相關(guān)的考題一般都是關(guān)于文章細(xì)節(jié)的問題。需要注意的是考題在考查標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)用法是往往不會(huì)明確說明，需要考生自己去判斷并根據(jù)具體情況分析標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的用法。正確答案的20個(gè)特征(包括段落中心)的多是答案，200%錯(cuò)。正確的都是有改動(dòng)的，即同義替換。，如：can, could, may, usually, might, most, more or less, 含義絕對(duì)的大多不是答案：must ,always, never, the most, all ,any ,none4. 具體的不是答案，概括性的、抽象的大多是答案5. 帶有some的大多是答案：someone, somebody ,sometime ,something certain6. 簡(jiǎn)單的大多不是答案，復(fù)雜的是答案，字面意思不是答案，含義深刻的大多是答案7. 帶虛詞的大多是答案：another, other, more, either, both, also, beside, additional, extra, different, same, particular, nearly, not enough8. “變化”大多是答案：change, delay, improve, postpone, increase9. “重要的、基礎(chǔ)的”大多是答案：important, necessary, essential, basis, be based on10. 文章是按順序出題的。你要覺得不是，就是你做錯(cuò)了。11. 用文章里舉例的句子來作為選項(xiàng)，直接排除。200%錯(cuò)。(要有能辨別這個(gè)選項(xiàng)是不是文章中例子的能力)。12. 某某人說的話，或者是帶引號(hào)的，一定要高度重視。尤其是在段落的后半部分。很有可能就是某個(gè)問題的同意替換。即題眼。13. 每段的第一句很重要。尤其總分結(jié)構(gòu)的段。有的時(shí)候第一句話就是題眼。14. 很關(guān)鍵的一條，抓住每段的中心意思，也就是中心句。每段至少一句，最多2句。15. 若文章首段以why為開頭的，這里若設(shè)題的話，選項(xiàng)里有because的，往往就是正確選項(xiàng)。不過這種類型的題，很少見了。16. 正確選項(xiàng)都是原文中的個(gè)別幾個(gè)詞的同義替換。閱讀理解歷年的所有真題，都是同意替換！就看你能不能找得到。17. 每一個(gè)問題，在原文中，都要有一個(gè)定位。然后精讀，找出那個(gè)中心句或者關(guān)鍵詞。18. 在應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)答案的地方，沒有答案。接著往下讀。答案可能會(huì)在下一段的開頭部分。因?yàn)槲恼露际墙又f的。要有連貫性。19. 注意幾個(gè)詞，yet表轉(zhuǎn)折，hardly表否定。while有時(shí)是比較，有時(shí)也表轉(zhuǎn)折。比較的時(shí)候，注意比較的對(duì)象，要弄清楚。轉(zhuǎn)折的時(shí)候，你要知道作者對(duì)什么進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)折。20. 選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)only的，目前還沒有對(duì)的。課堂練習(xí)：A2 Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing. Lifts（電梯）can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes. The following is the price table of the lift tickets.LIFT TICKETSTouristsWeekday(open to close)Weekend(open to close)Night(3 . to 10 .Adult* (Ages 19 to 60)$48$55$34Young Man * (Ages 18＆. under)$37$41$34Child (46cm tall amp。. under)FREEFREEFREECollege Student[College ID (證件 ) needed]$38$49$34Soldier (Active Duty ID needed)$38$49$34Elders* ( Ages 60 to 69)$38$49$34Super Elders* (Ages 70+)FREEFREEFREE* proof (證明) of age neededLift HoursMonday Friday: 9 . – 10 . Weekend: 8 . – 10 .Christmas Day: Noon – 5 .31. If a child of 42cm tall takes the lift with his 18yearold brother on Thursday morning, they will pay _______.A. $41 B. $48 C. $37 D. $7432. As a college student, you can buy a lift ticket at a lower price if you show your _________.A. college name B. college ID C. phone number D. Active Duty ID33. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. It takes 3 hours to get to the top of Shawneen Mountain by lift. B. Tourists can’t take the lift at 9: 30 a. m. on Sunday morning .C. A soldier shouldn’t pay $55 for the ticket at weekends with his Active Duty ID. D. People aged over 70 are also wele to Shawneen Mountain. BIn 1901, the people of Colorado Springs in the USA decided to collect everyday items and to seal (密封) them in a steel box. The box was marked To be opened after midnight, December 31st, AD 2000, and was stored in the Colorado College library. One hundred years later, on the appointed (約定的) day, 300 people gathered to watch the opening of the box. Many in the crowd were the descendants (后代) of people who put things inside the box. When the box was opened after midnight, the items were still very good. There were newspapers, photos, diaries, name cards, family trees, books and letters, including one written by Theodore Roosevelt, who became the president of the USA later that year. One of Roosevelt39。s friends lived in Colorado Springs at that time. Many of the letters were addressed to their descendants. They describe (描述) the hopes that the people of 1901 had for the people of the next century. At that time, Colorado Springs had just a few thousand people. Now nearly half a million people live there. Colorado College Library has scanned (掃描) the materials and put them on a website. Cecil Muller, whose grandfather put a collection of postcards in the box, said that the time capsule was a great treasure. This is a wonderful educational resource. We can learn so much about our history, he said. I never knew my grandfather, but now I feel very close to him. In April 2001, a group of people filled the time capsule with items from modern Colorado Springs and resealed it for another hundred years. 34. A time capsule is_______________.A. a collection of clocks and watches B. a machine for traveling through time C. a collection of items for people to look at in the future D. a collection of unwanted items35. Many of the letters in the time capsule talked about________________.A. the history of the town B. the people who lived in the townC. the politics of the USA D. people39。s hopes for the future 36. Cecil Muller says that the time capsule _______________.A. brings back his memories of his grandfather B. is worth a lot of moneyC. helps him to get to know his grandfather