【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 our alcohol intake. But there is something else you can do. And it is free and easy. Smile! Dr. Chockalingam, a heart disease specialist in Columbia, advises his patients to smile. He says a smile may be one way to help your heart. When we smile, the brain wiring changes. The chemicals that are released are more positive. He says smiling is the first step in fighting physical and emotional stress and its sometimes harmful effects on human health. This is not just New Age advice. Several studies support his opinion. When you feel stressed or under pressure, your body releases many natural hormones (荷爾蒙) including adrenaline and cortisol. Adrenaline increases your heart rate and blood pressure. Cortisol is the body39。s main stress hormone. It increases sugar in the bloodstream. If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you. They are part of what we call our fightorflight response. However, when we are stressed for a long period, these stress hormones are everpresent in our bodies. And that, medical researchers warn, may lead to health problems. Researchers say the connection between stress and heart disease is still unclear. However, they claim that when people are stressed for long periods of time, they may have an unhealthy lifestyle, which can lead to health problems. Dr. Chockalingam says a smile may be one way to help. He tells his patients to smile 20 times an hour. To some, that might seem like a lot of smiling. Or some might even feel foolish ... smiling for seemingly no reason. But a smile does not involve drugs. It is not invasive like a surgical operation. It is free and it has no bad side effects. Once people smile, they are relaxing. This relaxation directly lowers blood pressure, improves sugar levels in the blood. If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health. And it just may provide a little extra protection to everyone39。s heart health.（1）Which of the following agrees with Dr. Chockalingam39。s opinion? has the same effects as laughter. can be used to take the place of medicine. is better than any healthy lifestyle to health. can make our body produce beneficial chemicals.（2）What can we know about the mentioned stress hormones? can lower our blood pressure. will surely lead to heart diseases. can benefit us when we are in danger. will make us live an unhealthy lifestyle.（3）Why does Dr. Chockalingam think smiling is helpful to our health? can make us relax. increases sugar levels. has little bad side effects. can happen for no reason.（4）What can be the best title for the text? Thorough Analysis of the Causes of Heart Diseases Thing You Can Do Right Now to Help Your Heart Thing That Is Closely Connected with Stress Hormones Clear Connection Between Unhealthy Lifestyles and Heart Diseases【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，哥倫比亞的心臟病專家Chockalingam博士建議多保持微笑，他認為微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。同時說明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人們感到壓力時的身體反應(yīng)等情況。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“When we smile, the brain wiring changes. The chemicals that are released are more positive.”當(dāng)我們微笑時，大腦的線路會發(fā)生變化。釋放出的化學(xué)物質(zhì)更積極。可知，Chockalingam博士認為微笑能使我們的身體產(chǎn)生有益的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選D。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you.”如果你真的有危險，這些荷爾蒙會幫助你?？芍?，當(dāng)我們處于危險中時，壓力荷爾蒙可以幫助我們。故選C。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health. And it just may provide a little extra protection to everyone39。s heart health.”如果我們微笑，我們就打破了壓力和健康之間的聯(lián)系。而且它可能會為每個人的心臟健康提供一點額外的保護?？芍?，Chockalingam博士認為微笑可以使我們放松，從而有利于我們的健康。故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Dr. Chockalingam, a heart disease specialist in Columbia, advises his patients to smile. He says a smile may be one way to help your heart.”哥倫比亞的心臟病專家Chockalingam博士建議他的病人保持微笑。他說，微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。以及結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容主要介紹了微笑能夠讓我們放松進而有利于我們的健康，所以要健康那就要多微笑，所以選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 A new study suggests a link between exposure to greenery and reduced desires for alcohol cigarette and junk food. The study is the first to investigate the possible relationships between exposure to nature and desires and negative emotions. Researchers at the University of Plymouth39。s School of Psychology surveyed 149 respondents (應(yīng)答者) aged 21 o 65 about the proportion( 比例 )of green space in their neighborhood, the presence of green views from their home, their access to a garden and how often they use public green space. The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety, as well as desires for things like caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. Participants rated the intensity( 強度), imagery, and intrusiveness(侵擾性) of their desires on an 11point scale. Researchers found the presence of visible green space contributed to decreased desires for junk food. The effect was particularly noticeable when more than 25 percent of a respondent39。s view was greenery. Previous scholarship(學(xué)術(shù)研究) has dealt mostly with exercise in nature: A 2015 study out of the University of Michigan found 90 minute group nature walks were effective at batting depression and relieving other mood disorders. But for people who struggle with accessibility or don39。t have time for a 90minute walk, this new study suggests just looking out a window at a tree can help fight off a bad habit. It has been known for some time that being outdoors in nature is linked to a person39。s wellbeing, lead author Leanne Martin said in a statement. But for there to be a similar association with desires from simply being able to see green space adds a new dimension to the previous research. A 2018 study from Denmark39。s Aarhus University for example, found that. Having access to green space throughout childhood decreased a person39。s risk of developing mental health problems as an adult.（1）What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? results of the new study. purpose of the new study. significance of the new study. content of the new study.（2）What does the underlined word batting in paragraph 4 probably mean?