【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 d. ②Strike the iron while it is hot. when正要/在/剛做完……這時 was / were doing when… was were about to do had just done 我正要出去這時天空突然下起了雨。 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的詞和短語有：directly immediately instantly, the instant, the moment, the minute (上述詞組及詞皆等于as soon as )the day , the month, the week…, every time, each time, next time, by the timeeg. ①By the time you e back, I’ll have finished my work. ②He was born the year his father died. ▼使用時間狀語從句時應(yīng)注意：（1）當(dāng)時間狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致或為it時，謂語 部分又含有be時，可省從句的主語和be。 Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled. （2）在時間狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，用現(xiàn)在完成時表將來完成時。 We’ll meet again when you have graduated. 過去完成時▲過去完成時的構(gòu)成形式是：had +done, 表示在過去某一時間以前或在過去某一動作以前已經(jīng) 完成的動作，可以說過去完成時所表示的時間是“過去的過去”。 過去完成時是一個相對的時態(tài)，在同過去的動作相比較時，才能使用。例如：By the end of last term we had learned six English books. (動作發(fā)生在上學(xué)期期末前) The train had left when we got to the station. (get to 發(fā)生在過去，leave 發(fā)生在get to 的過去) 此外，過去完成時還常用在賓語從句中。例如： He told me he had seen the film twice. She said that she had finished her homework already.▲有些表示希望、愿望的動詞如hope，think, expect, mean, intend, suppose, want等，用過去完 成時，可表示“過去未曾實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖”。例如： I had hoped to see more in Beijing. 我本希望在北京多看看。（但未能如愿）現(xiàn)在完成時與過去完成時的區(qū)別 兩者的區(qū)別主要是時間的立足點不同?，F(xiàn)在完成時的動作發(fā)生在過去，但與現(xiàn)在的時間有聯(lián)系；而過去完成時的動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，是與過去的某個時間有聯(lián)系。例如：①We have studied English for three years. 我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了三年英語。（可能繼續(xù)學(xué)下去）②We had studied English for three years before we came here. 在來這兒之前，我們已學(xué)了三年英語。（只說來這兒之前，我們已學(xué)了三年英語。與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系）Exercise 1. I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. A. While B. When C. Once D. Since 2. in eastern Austria for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, he was very successful. A. Having worked。 where B. Working。 which C. Worked。 there D. Having worked。 that 3. The peasants were busy getting in the crops it began to rain. A. as B. while C.. when D. by the time4. When why she walked in without permission, she just eyed us and said nothing. A. being asked B. asking C. asked D. to be asked5. Beethoven met Haydn in 1791, but was not the older man. A. impressing with B. impressed by C. to impress of D. impressed to 6. By the time he 14, Mozart many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras. A. had been。 had posed B. was。 have posed C. will be。 will posed D. was。 had posed 7. It was not until dark he found he thought was the correct way to solve the problem. A. that。 what B. that。 that C. when。 what D. when。 that 8. —How long has this bookshop been in business? — 1932. A. After B. In C. From D. Since 9. I to bed there was a knock at the door. A. was about to go。 when B. went。 while C. am going to go。 when D. am to go。 while10. As is known all, Faye Wang is famous an excellent singer. A. for。 as B. to。 as C. to。 for D. for。 as Module 3 MusicPeriod Ⅳ Listening and Vocabulary Dec. 1. influence vt. / n. 影響 have a strong / deep influence on be strongly / deeply / greatly influenced by sth. Translation: 電視對兒童的影響 氣候?qū)r(nóng)作物的影響 2. They had their first hit… ▲hit n. a person or thing that is very popular. a hit record 風(fēng)靡一時的唱片3.…which gave rock music a new direction. ▲direction. ①方向；in the direction of 朝…… ②趨勢，動向 火車朝北京方向行駛。 【Cultural Corner 】1. What is Ye Xiaogang famous for? 2. Translate the following. From that time, he has been one of the leading modern posers of Chinese classical music. 3. Which sentence can replace the following one. He showed great interest in music very early and at the age of 4 began studying piano.