【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 國家所付出的犧牲將會被南非人民永遠(yuǎn)銘記。如果不向我深愛的妻子和家人表示深深的感激，那么我的致敬將是殘缺不全的。在我漫長而孤獨(dú)的鐵窗生涯中，他們給了我力量。我相信你們經(jīng)受的痛苦和苦難遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了我自己。在我進(jìn)一步演講之前，我愿意闡明我的觀點(diǎn)，就是在當(dāng)前階段，我只打算對一些問題做初步的評論。等到我有機(jī)會和我的同志們深入切磋之后，我將發(fā)表一個更加全面的聲明。今天，無論是黑人還是白人，大多數(shù)南非人都已認(rèn)識到種族隔離制度已經(jīng)走到盡頭。我們必須果敢地采取我們自己的群眾運(yùn)動來確保國家的和平與安全。
　　the mass campaigns of defiance and other actions of our organizations and people can only culminate in the establishment of continent is in calculable. the fabric of family life of millions of my people has been shattered. millions are homeless and unemployed. our economy amp。mdash。 our economy lies in ruins and our people are embroiled in political strife. our resort to the armed struggle in 1960 with the formation of the military wing of the anc, umkhonto we sizwe, was a purely defensive action against the violence of apartheid. the factors which necessitated the armed struggle still exist today. we have no option but to continue. we express the hope that a climate conducive to a negotiated settlement will be created soon so that there may no longer be the need for the armed , strategies, and , i feel duty?bound to make the point that a leader of the movement is a person who has been democratically elected at a national conference. this is a principle which must be upheld without any , i wish to report to you that my talks with the government have been aimed at normalizing the political situation in the country. we have not as yet begun discussing the basic demands of the struggle. i wish to stress that i myself have at no time entered into negotiations about the future of our country except to insist on a meeting between the anc and the has gone further than any other nationalist president in taking real steps to normalize the situation. however, there are further steps, as outlined in the harare declaration, that have to be met before negotiations on the basic demands of our people can begin. i reiterate our call for, inter alia, the immediate ending of the state of emergency and the freeing of all, and not only some, political prisoners. only such a normalized situation, which allows for free political activity, can allow us to consult our people in order to obtain a mandate. the people need to be consulted on who will negotiate and on the content of such negotiations. negotiations cannot take place amp。mdash。 negotiations cannot take place above the heads or behind the backs of our people. it is our belief that the future of our country can only be determined by a body which is democratically elected on a non?racial basis. negotiations on the dismantling of apartheid will have to address the overwhelming demands of our people for a democratic, non?racial and unitary south africa. there must be an end to white monopoly on political power and a fundamental restructuring of our political and economic systems to ensure that the inequalities of apartheid are addressed and our society thoroughly , we base our policy and strategy on the harsh reality we are faced with. and this reality is that we are still suffering under the policies of the nationalist , so that the process towards democracy is rapid and uninterrupted. we have waited too long for our freedom. we can no longer wait. now is the time to intensify the struggle on all fronts. to relax our efforts now would be a mistake which generations to e will not be able to role in a united democratic and non?racial south africa is the only way to pe