【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 　　我最喜歡的例子是來自今年發(fā)表在美國國家論文集上的一個研究。你可以在谷歌搜索找到這篇文章。這篇文章總共四頁，容易閱讀。他們僅僅研究了人們在Facebook上的”。贊”。，也就是你在Facebook上喜歡的事情。他們利用這些數(shù)據(jù)來預(yù)測之前所說的所有特性，還有其他的一些特性。
　　And in their paper they listed the five likes that were most indicative of high intelligence. And among those was liking a page for curly fries. (Laughter) Curly fries are delicious, but liking them does not necessarily mean that youamp。39。re smarter than the average person. So how is it that one of the strongest indicators of your intelligence is liking this page when the content is totally irrelevant to the attribute thatamp。39。s being predicted? And it turns out that we have to look at a whole bunch of underlying theories to see why weamp。39。re able to do this.
　　在文章中列舉了最能夠顯示高智商的五個”。贊”。在這五項中贊”。炸扭薯”。頁面的是其中之一。炸扭薯很好吃，但喜歡吃炸扭薯并不一定意味著你比一般人聰明。那么為什么喜歡某個頁面就成為顯示你智商的重要因素，盡管該頁面的內(nèi)容和所預(yù)測的屬性與此毫不相干?事實是我們必須審視大量的基礎(chǔ)理論，從而了解我們是如何做到準確推測的。
　　One of them is a sociological theory called homophily, which basically says people are friends with people like them. So if youamp。39。re smart, you tend to be friends with smart people, and if youamp。39。re young, you tend to be friends with young people, and this is well establishedfor hundreds of years. We also know a lot about how information spreads through networks. It turns out things like viral videos or Facebook likes or other information spreads in exactly the same way that diseases spread through social networks.
　　其中一個基礎(chǔ)理論是社會學(xué)的同質(zhì)性理論，主要意思是人們和自己相似的人交朋友。所以說，如果你很聰明，你傾向于和聰明的人交朋友。如果你還年輕，你傾向于和年輕人交朋友。這是數(shù)百年來公認的理論。我們很清楚信息在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳播的傳播途徑。結(jié)果是，流行的視頻、臉書上得到很多”。贊”。的內(nèi)容、或者其他信息的傳播，同疾病在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中蔓延的方式是相同的。
　　So this is something weamp。39。ve studied for a long time. We have good models of it. And so you can put those things together and start seeing why things like this if I were to give you a hypothesis, it would be that a smart guy started this page, or maybe one of the first people who liked it would have scored high on that test.
　　我們在這方面已經(jīng)研究很久了，我們己經(jīng)建立了很好的模型。你能夠?qū)⑺羞@些事物放在一起，看看為什么這樣的事情會發(fā)生。如果要我給你一個假說的話，我會猜測一個聰明的人建立了這個頁面，或者第一個喜歡這個頁面的人擁有挺高的智商得分。
　　And they liked it, and their friends saw it,and by homophily, we know that he probably had smart friends, and so it spread to them, and some of them liked it, and they had smart friends, and so it spread to them, and so it propagated through the network to a host of smart people, so that by the end, the action of liking the curly fries page is indicative of high intelligence, not because of the content, but because the actual action of liking reflects back the mon attributes of other people who have done it.
　　他們喜歡了這個頁面，然后他們的朋友看到了，根據(jù)同質(zhì)性理論，我們知道這些人可能有聰明的朋友， 然后他們看到這類信息，他們中的一部分人也喜歡，他們也有聰明的朋友，所以這類信息也傳到其他朋友那里，所以信息就在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上在聰明人的圈子里流傳開來了，因此到了最后，喜歡炸扭薯的這個頁面就成了高智商的象征，而不是因為內(nèi)容本身，而是”。喜歡”。這一個實際行動反映了那些也付諸同樣行動的人的相同特征。
　　So this is pretty plicated stuff, right? Itamp。39。s a hard thing to sit down and explain to an average user, and even if you do, what can the average use