【正文】
ent Asfao Daopaya 古巴一持不同政見領(lǐng)袖 the Solomon Islands 所羅門群島Honiara霍尼亞拉[所羅門群島首都]Baltic States 波羅的海諸國Lithuania立陶宛President Valdas Adamkus總統(tǒng)瓦爾達(dá)斯如:Our clothing protects us from [against] the 。The potato is a vegetable, not a ,而不是一種水果。如:Our clothing protects us from [against] the 。E.利用定義和解釋猜詞科技文章,通常會對一些關(guān)鍵詞給予定義,我們可以利用定義來猜測這些詞的意思。3.主旨大意題。但是,當(dāng)要表示種類時,可視為可數(shù)名詞,即a fruit 指一種水果,fruits 指多種水果。如:five head of cattle 5頭牛,fifty(head of)cattle 50頭牛第三類 形復(fù)意義復(fù)goods(貨物), clothes(衣服用法特點(diǎn):只有復(fù)數(shù)形式(當(dāng)然也表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語時謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)),但通常不與數(shù)詞連用。第二類 形單意義復(fù)cattle(牛,牲畜),people(人),police(警察),sheep(羊)用法特點(diǎn)為:只有單數(shù)形式, 但卻表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù);不與 a(n)連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指)。如:My hair has grown very 。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題。B.利用同義近義詞猜詞在詞或短語之間有并列連詞and或or,這些詞語或短語在句中作相同的成分,并且and或or連接的兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進(jìn)的,由此確定同等關(guān)系中的某個生詞所屬的義域,甚至推出它的大致詞義。注:表示牲畜的頭數(shù),用單位詞 head(單復(fù)數(shù)同形)。(水果)作為集合名詞,它通常是不可數(shù)的。如:five head of cattle 5頭牛,fifty(head of)cattle 50頭牛第三類 形復(fù)意義復(fù)goods(貨物), clothes(衣服形式為復(fù)數(shù),意義也為復(fù)數(shù)這類集合名詞包括goods(貨物), clothes(衣服)等,其用法特點(diǎn)是:只有復(fù)數(shù)形式(當(dāng)然也表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語時謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)),但通常不與數(shù)詞連用。但是,當(dāng)要表示種類時,它可視為可數(shù)名詞,即a fruit 指一種水果,fruits 指多種水果。如:a poem / a piece of poetry(一首詩),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(許多機(jī)器)。其為單數(shù)時,若作主語,則謂語可用單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)。17.Arsenal is /are playing well in this season.18.Macmillan have /has made a good profit this year.19.The SeventyFirst Congress was predominantly Republican.20.The Netherlands has /have a monarchy.21.The BBC is showing the program on Saturday.22.Liverpool is leading 1—0.23.Liverpool are attacking again.五、某些無生命的集合名詞(表示物)作主語時,通常被看成不可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù)。14.The youth today is /are better off than we used to be.15.Her offspring is /are like her in every respect.16.The intelligentsia are hailing Ranson as their spokesman.【注】youth除了作集合名詞以外,還可以作可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞。集合名詞的難點(diǎn),主要在于其作主語時的主謂一致問題。【注】表示牲畜的頭數(shù),用單位詞 head(單復(fù)數(shù)同形):three head of cattle(3頭牛),twenty(head of)cattle(20頭牛)。The police found two hairs 。如:People will laugh at 。如:This is an invention that benefits 。(牛,牲畜),people(人),police(警察)等其用法特點(diǎn)為:只有單數(shù)形式, 但卻表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù);不與 a(n)連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指)。注意:一般說來,擬定標(biāo)題是以話題為核心,與控制性概念的詞按一定的語法濃縮為概括主題句或中心思想的詞組。然后以此為線索。The hospital has no decent 。His family is 。第四類 形單意義單 baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(機(jī)器), poetry(詩), scenery(風(fēng)景), jewelry(珠寶), equipment(設(shè)備)用法特點(diǎn):是不可數(shù)名詞,只用單數(shù)形式,不用不定冠詞(當(dāng)然更不能用數(shù)詞),沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。即要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。首先,要考慮標(biāo)題對文章的概括性或覆蓋面。第二篇:集合名詞(家庭),team(隊),class(班),audience(聽眾)等其用法特點(diǎn)為:若視為整體,表示單數(shù)意義;若考慮其個體成員,表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。如:My hair has grown very 。This class consists of 45 。注:machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相應(yīng)的個體可數(shù)名詞是 machine, poem, jewel, scene等。二、police類cattle(牛,牲畜),people(人),police(警察)等,其用法特點(diǎn)為:只有單數(shù)形式, 但卻表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù);不與 a(n)連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指):People will laugh at 。比較:Some fruits have thick 。t arrived yet.11.There are verm in here.12.Some people are never satisfied.13.The police/military have surrounded the building.【注】people作民族講時有復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.The staff __________(have)gone for their lunch.2.The crews of several ships __________(be)in port.3.The present government,which hasn39。注意:此類名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的意義并不完全相同,漢譯時一定要當(dāng)心。六、mankin