【正文】 . rainreign, night/knight, … ?Full/Complete homonym完全同音異義詞 when two words are identical in both sound and spelling, . ball, bank, watch, scale, fast, bat …. 6） Polysemy 一詞多義關(guān)系 ? refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings. 指同一個詞具有幾個密切相關(guān)的意義 . face, hand, blanket Sentence meaning ? 句子意義是句子中詞的意義的總和？ John kissed Mary. Mary kissed John. ? 句子意義 =詞匯意義 +語法意義 ? Saeed（ 1997）：句子意義是由句子成分的意義和成分的組合方式?jīng)Q定的。而假如 B句為假，那么 A句也肯定為假。 … 5) Semantically different synonyms ( in range and intensity in meaning), . want, wish, desire 。 teach: learn 。 ?John managed to see his share before the market crashed. ?John tried to see his share before the market crashed. ?John didn’t managed to sell his share before the market crashed. 5) X is a contradiction矛盾關(guān)系 ? *My unmarried sister is married to a bachelor. ? *The orphan’s parents are pretty welloff. ? When A is contradiction, it is invariably false. 6) X is semantically anomalous 語義破格 ? *The man is pregnant. ? *The table has bad intentions. ? *Sincerity shakes hands with the black apple. ? When A is semantically anomalous, it is absurd in the sense that it presupposes a contradiction. Semantic analysis ? Analysis of meaning ?Componential analysis ?Predication analysis 1) Componential analysis成分分析法 a way to analyze lexical meaning. The approach is based on the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning ponents, called semantic features. 所有實詞的意義都可以分解成一些“語義成分”，稱作語義特征，語義標(biāo)示（ Semantic Markers）、或義素 （ Sememes） For example, ?[+/MALE]: bull/cow, ram/ewe, stallion/mare ?[+/ADULT]: duck/duckling, pig/piglet, dog/puppy ? Man: [+HUMAN, +ADULT, +ANIMATE, +MALE] ? Boy: [+HUMAN, ADULT, +ANIMATE, +MALE] ? Woman: [+HUMAN, +ADULT, +ANIMATE, MALE] ? Girl: [+HUMAN, ADULT, +ANIMATE, MALE] ? {man:woman} {boy:girl} {man:boy} {woman:girl}兩詞僅有一個義素之差，如果規(guī)