【正文】 3. 截面性質(zhì)( 1) 跨中 建立圖示的直角坐標(biāo)系，求形心位置凈截面面積 毛截面面積 計(jì)算彎心位置A 彎心距主腹板板厚中線的距離為 計(jì)算慣性矩 對(duì)形心軸的慣性矩：對(duì)形心軸的慣性矩： 副主梁跨端截面性質(zhì) 建立圖示的坐標(biāo)系，求截面形心位置凈截面面積 毛截面面積 對(duì)形心軸的慣性矩：對(duì)形心軸的慣性矩：三、端梁截面尺寸考慮大車(chē)車(chē)輪的安裝及臺(tái)車(chē)的形狀尺寸，端梁內(nèi)寬取為600。 材料選擇及許用應(yīng)力根據(jù)總體結(jié)構(gòu)，鑄造起重機(jī)工作級(jí)別A8為重級(jí)，工作環(huán)境溫度較高，設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算時(shí)疲勞強(qiáng)度為其首要約束條件，選用Q235A，考慮起重量較大，主/副梁均采用偏軌箱型梁。因此在選材時(shí)選用穩(wěn)定性好，對(duì)應(yīng)力集中情況不敏感的Q235A，降低材料的成本。 水平載荷 22 第三章 主主梁計(jì)算 27 167。研究方法在滿足結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度，剛度，穩(wěn)定性以及疲勞強(qiáng)度的情況下，減小結(jié)構(gòu)的尺寸，做到經(jīng)濟(jì)性安全性最優(yōu)組合。 主梁的穩(wěn)定性 30 167。偏軌箱型梁橋架不僅可減小小車(chē)的外形尺寸，同時(shí)也增大了起升空間，有利于鑄造廠間的應(yīng)用。1. 主主梁尺寸初選高度=1294~1571mm考慮大車(chē)運(yùn)行機(jī)構(gòu)安裝在主梁內(nèi)，且主主梁與副主梁的高度差必須滿足一定得要求，故將主主梁取為大截面薄鋼板的形式，以達(dá)到節(jié)省材料、重量輕的要求。167。167。另一個(gè)收獲就是要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)受力的特點(diǎn)應(yīng)用材料，將材料用到該用的地方。振華港口機(jī)械有限公司已經(jīng)在那里建立了一個(gè)大型集裝箱起重機(jī)組裝廠。在上海的廠區(qū)有2000名工人，江蘇的廠區(qū)有1500名工人。該公司擁有四個(gè)起重機(jī)生產(chǎn)綜合體在上海及周邊地區(qū)，江陰，常州，湛江和長(zhǎng)興島。大多數(shù)工程都是一兩組，但是新加坡已經(jīng)訂購(gòu)了120組，” 一位來(lái)自斗山重工材料處理設(shè)備部門(mén)的人士評(píng)論斗山重工，“集裝箱起重機(jī)能吊起一個(gè)還是兩個(gè)集裝箱取決于用戶，但是現(xiàn)在雙擴(kuò)張器很常見(jiàn)。的集裝箱起重機(jī)將安裝在計(jì)劃擴(kuò)建港口。”“如果顧客認(rèn)為質(zhì)量很重要，那么我們是沒(méi)問(wèn)題的，但是如果他們認(rèn)為價(jià)錢(qián)是重要的，那么我們將不能獲得該項(xiàng)目。 ”韓國(guó)的其他集裝箱起重機(jī)生產(chǎn)商也希望參與光陽(yáng)灣擴(kuò)建工程的投標(biāo)，該工程有可能被授予一家韓國(guó)公司。最近的其他用戶還有科倫坡的南方航運(yùn)碼頭，斯里蘭卡以及釜山港的韓國(guó)快車(chē)公司。而韓國(guó)的現(xiàn)代重工，三星重工，斗山重工，大宇重工等仍然參加國(guó)際競(jìng)標(biāo)，贏得大批訂單的機(jī)會(huì)越來(lái)越少。另外，上海港口機(jī)械廠的合作公司振華正在加強(qiáng)其作為世界最大的船岸集裝箱起重機(jī)生產(chǎn)商的地位，生產(chǎn)量幾近世界集裝箱起重機(jī)市場(chǎng)年產(chǎn)量的一多半。許多起重機(jī)按照訂單在建上海港口機(jī)械廠也提供港口和海灣其它用途的起重機(jī)，這些大多數(shù)按照客戶的要求建造。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 徐克晉主編 《金屬結(jié)構(gòu)》 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 1982.[2] 徐格寧主編 《起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)金屬結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)》 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 1995.[3] 大連起重機(jī)器廠編 《起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》 沈陽(yáng)：遼寧人民出版社 1979.[4] 徐格寧主編 《機(jī)械裝備金屬結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)》 普通高等教育‘十一五’國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材 [5] 起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)編寫(xiě)組 《起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 1977.[6] 倪慶興、王殿臣主編 《起重輸送機(jī)械圖冊(cè)》 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 1992.[7] 張質(zhì)文、王金諾主編 《起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》 北京：中國(guó)鐵道出版社 1997.[8] 陳道楠、盛漢中主編 《起重機(jī)課程設(shè)計(jì)》 冶金工業(yè)出版社 1982.[9] 徐格寧、智浩編 《太原重型機(jī)械學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》 1993年第4期第14卷《鑄造起重機(jī)橋架空間結(jié)構(gòu)分析與疲勞計(jì)算》 1993.[10] 劉鴻文主編 《材料力學(xué)》 高等教育出版社 2003.附錄APortal powerChina’s rapid economic growth in the past decade has resulted in a big increase in freight traffic through the country’s seaports . Old ports are being expanded and new ports built to handle the large growth in container and bulk cargo traffic all along the Chinese coastline.China’s port expansion programme has provided a strong boost to the domestic port equipment industry, which has enjoyed a strong increase in demand for port cranes of various types, including container cranes and portal cranes along with bulk cargo handling equipment.Staterun China Harbour Engineering (group) Corporation Ltd, established under the ruling State Council, is China’s largest supplier of port cranes and bulk cargo handling equipment. The organization controls both Shanghai Zhenhua Port Machinery Co Ltd (ZPMC),the world’s largest manufacturer of quayside container cranes, and Shanghai Port Machinery Plant (SPMP), which specializes in the manufacturer of portal cranes and other cranes used in ports along with dry bulk cargo handling equipment.SPMP’s main market is China, although the pany is looking to expand its overseas sales. Although less well known than its associate ZPMC, SPMP also operates large manufacturing facilities, and is due to move part of its production shortly to Changxing Island near Shanghai where ZPMC already operates a large container crane fabrication plant.Portal and other harbour cranes are SPMP’s major production item. During the past two years, the corporation has won contracts for 145 portal cranes from port authorities throughout China, both from new ports under construction and ports undergoing expansion.In recent years, SPMP has also supplied portal cranes to the United States, Iraq,and port Rangoon of Myanmar in has purchased a 47m,40t portal crane while BIW of the United States has purchased three cranes15t,150t, and 300t portal cranes. Elsewhere, SPMP has supplied 12 portal cranes to several ports in Iraq since the end of the Saddam regime. In China, SPMP’s recent major orders for portal cranes include eight 40t, 45m radius cranes for Tianjin Overseas Mineral Terminal, while Yan Tai Port Bureau in Guangdong in southern China has purchased six 40t, 45m radius cranes. Other large orders include seven 10t, 25m radius cranes for Zhenjiang Port Group and an order of 1025t, 33m radius cranes from Fangcheng Port Bureau, while the Yingkou Port Group has ordered 1325t,35m radius cranes along with two 40t, 44m radius port cranes.MANY CRANES BUILT TO ORDERSPMP also supplies other cranes used in ports and harbours, many of which are built to order for clients. Quayside container cranes have been supplied to a number of foreign clients including Bangkok Port in Thailand, Kaohsiung Port in Taiwan, and Port of Vancouver in Canada. In China, SPMP has supplied quayside container cranes to Shanghai Port, Tianjin Port, Yin Kou Port, Yan Tai Port and others. The pany also supplies rubbertyred container gantry cranes to domestic and overseas clients.Customers for other cranes used in ports include Guangzhou Port in Guangdong, which purchased a 25t floating crane while Zhonggang Port has bought two double trolley 125/63t gantry cranes, along with a700t overhead crane, In 2003 Zhonggang Port awarded a contract to SPMP for a 2,600t floating crane, whichi is the largest crane the pany has made in recent years.Other customers include Zhongyuan Nanytong Shipyard of Jiangsu Province has purchased two 300t goliath cranes for use in its shipyard, while