【正文】 FMEA分析, 續(xù)前頁Failure Mode Effects Analysis, ContinuedFMEA分析, 續(xù)前頁 Define the scope for the FMEA, cont.定義FMEA的范圍, 續(xù)前頁Step 7List the effects, causes, and current controls for each failure modeInclude input from customer and knowledge experts步驟七列出每一個(gè)失效模式可能產(chǎn)生的所有影響, 原因, 與目前的管制辦法將客戶與專家的意見包含在內(nèi)FMEA。 Step by StepFMEA。 Step by StepFMEA。 it all depends on your objective依據(jù)您的目的, FMEA可應(yīng)用于以上任何一個(gè)階層.Op250Op 240210Op 10Op 120Op250OpA20OpA10Level階層Focus重點(diǎn)Failure Mode失效模式Cause原因Effect影響System系統(tǒng)Factory (Plant 2)工廠 (二廠)Late delivers to customer交貨延遲Low FPY on Line 2第二線直通率過低Lost business損失訂單Subsystem次系統(tǒng)Line 2 (power Supplies)第二線 (電源供應(yīng)器)Low FPY直通率過低High rework at / after testing測(cè)試后重工率太高Late deliveries交貨延遲Operation作業(yè)站Testing Op 210第210測(cè)試站High rework重工率太高Testing results inconsistent測(cè)試結(jié)果不穩(wěn)定Low FPY直通率過低Important: You must be able to see a cascading of failure modes, causes, and effects.重要提示: 您必需要能看出失效模式, 原因, 和影響的系列關(guān)聯(lián).Failure Mode Effects Analysis, ContinuedFMEA分析, 續(xù)前頁 Define the scope for the FMEA, cont.定義FMEA的范圍, 續(xù)前頁Step 2Identify team members, customer, and knowledge expert/sInvolve the customer in the process.步驟二確定小組成員, 客戶, 與專家.邀請(qǐng)客戶參與作業(yè)Step 3Develop roles and responsibilities for team membersLeverage the strengths of each team member步驟三指派小組成員職掌充分運(yùn)用各小組成員之長(zhǎng)處Step 4Study the product / Process / ServiceAll team members work to familiarize themselves with the product, process, or service步驟四研究產(chǎn)品 / 流程 / 服務(wù)各小組成員致力于熟習(xí)產(chǎn)品, 流程, 或服務(wù)Step 5Develop rating scales for Severity, Occurrence, and Detection步驟五建立嚴(yán)重性, 發(fā)生機(jī)率, 與偵測(cè)能力的評(píng)比等級(jí)Quantifying failure modes, effects and causes量化失效模式, 影響, 與原因 Causes Failure Modes* Effects 原因 失效模式 影響 Occurrence Detection Severity 發(fā)生機(jī)率 偵測(cè)能力 嚴(yán)重性How severe?有多嚴(yán)重?Who has the most info?誰有較多的資訊?How easy to detect with current controls?現(xiàn)有的偵測(cè)能力有多好?Who has the most info?誰有較多的資訊?If prevented will effects be eliminated?預(yù)防措施是否可以消除影響?How frequent?多頻繁?Who has the most info?誰有較多的資訊?If eliminated, will failure be avoided?如果消除了發(fā)生機(jī)率, 失效是否可以避免?Failure Mode Effects AnalysisFMEA分析, 續(xù)前頁, Rating ScalesFMEA分析, 評(píng)比等級(jí) 中國(guó)最大的資料庫下載Rating scales評(píng)比等級(jí)Example from Design FMEA設(shè)計(jì)FMEA舉例Severity 嚴(yán)重性O(shè)ccurrence 發(fā)生機(jī)率Detection 偵測(cè)能力Effect 影響Cause 原因Failure mode or cause 失效模式或原因 1 No effect 無影響2 Minor effect fit/cosmetics 輕微影響 – 配合 / 外觀3 Major effect fit/cosmetics 嚴(yán)重影響– 配合 / 外觀4 Minor reduction in Function 功能稍受影響5 Customer dissatisfied 客戶不滿意6 Major reduction in function 功能大受影響7 Totally dysfunctional 功能完全不正常8 Presents minor hazard 形成輕微危險(xiǎn)9 Presents injury hazard 造成受傷危險(xiǎn)10 Fatal if used 造成致命危險(xiǎn)1 Remote chance, 1ppm 微乎其微2 Very low 15 非常低3 Very low 510 非常低4 Moderate 10100 中等程度5 Moderate 1001K 中等程度6 High 1K10K 高度7 High 10K100K 高度8 Very High 100K1M 非常高9 Very High 1M 10M 非常高10 Almost certain 幾乎是必然會(huì)發(fā)生1 Certain to be detected 一定能偵測(cè)出2 Very high chance of detection 非常高的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出3 high chance of detection 很高的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出4 Moderately high chance of detection 中高程度的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出5 Moderate chance of detection 中等程度的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出6 Low chance of detection 低程度的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出7 Very low chance of detection 非常低程度的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出8 Remote chance of detection 微乎其微的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出9 Very remote chance of detection 非常微乎其微的機(jī)會(huì)能偵測(cè)出10 Slips by undetected 無法偵測(cè)Rating scales評(píng)比等級(jí)FMEA。 找出流程變量的控制辦法 更完善的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì) How sure did you feel about what you were doing? The Bhopal tragedy 您分配優(yōu)先等級(jí)的參考依據(jù)是什么? 支持不同工作小組之間的失效案例討論 提供流程持續(xù)改善的工作架構(gòu) Step by StepFMEA。 逐步展開Failure Mode Effects Analysis, ContinuedFMEA分析, 續(xù)前頁12 Identify Corrective Action決定矯正措施Example all causes with RPN =200 are addressed舉例 – 所有RPN等於或大於200的項(xiàng)目都被包含在內(nèi)Failure Mode Effects Analysis, ContinuedFMEA分析, 續(xù)前頁 Define the scope for the FMEA, cont.定義FMEA的范圍, 續(xù)前頁Step 13Implement and verify effectiveness of corrective action步驟十三導(dǎo)入并確認(rèn)矯正措施的成效FMEA。 in such cases the best course of action will be via addition of controls / adequate warning devices / mechanisms of impending failure. Reevaluate the ratings for S, O, and D, followed by RPN calculation.Discussion with the customer is important again since the corrective actions will impact them. Knowledge experts may also provide valuable input as to what kinds of corrective action will be best suited for the give