【正文】 。【練習十九】填充：I (be) in America next year, after I (graduate).I (explain) this to you tonight after I (read) the report.I (see) you tonight.As soon as you (e) to see me, I (give) you my book.When you (arrive) in New York tomorrow, Tom (be) in the airport to meet you.I (go) to church after the rain stops.I (watch) the new TV program after you (leave).When you (get) here tomorrow, everyone (wait) for you.I (get) a job as soon as I get out of college.He________ (have) dinner very late tomorrow.I________ (quit) my present job, after I________ (find) a better one.5167。例如：He is not a good teacher.Mary was not very happy when she was young.They are not strong boys.Peter is not ing.John is not going to work.。5. 在我去美國以前，我曾經(jīng)去過英國，當我在英國的時候，我碰見了一個美麗的女孩子，他后來成為我的太太。7. 明天你走以后，我要看電視.?！揪毩暿繉⒁韵碌闹形木渥幼g成英文，選適宜的時態(tài)。He had worked before he decided to go to college.我寫這篇有關愛爾蘭的小說以前，曾去過愛爾蘭。舉例來說，以下的例子都應該用現(xiàn)在完成式：自從1974年，我就在學校學英文。（Gone with the Wind）。I have never seen snow.你曾見過雪嗎？Have you ever seen snow?你登過玉山嗎？Have you ever climbed Jade Mountain？：今年我國已有二次臺風。I have worn this jacket for a very long time.（9）我開這輛汽車很久了。，我正在刷牙（brush my teeth）。有一次，有一個母親，向警察報案，說她的女兒失蹤了，她在記者面前，聲淚俱下地說　　　　　She was such a nice girl.　　警察馬上覺得這位母親有問題，因為她不該用過去式的，用了過去式，表示女兒已經(jīng)死了，可是母親不是說她失蹤了嗎？為什么她用過去式，極有可能因為她知道她女兒已經(jīng)死了，才脫口而出，用了過去式。2 現(xiàn)在進行式　　假如我們正在做一件事，是不能用現(xiàn)在式的，而必須用現(xiàn)在進行式，現(xiàn)在進行式的形態(tài)是： verb to be + present participle（現(xiàn)在分詞）verb to be 大家都懂，什么叫做現(xiàn)在分詞呢？現(xiàn)在分詞就是　　　　　　動詞＋ing以下是現(xiàn)在分詞的例子動詞現(xiàn)在分詞workworkinggogoingread readingrunrunningplayplayingswimswimmingsingsingingwritewritingeateatingwalkwalkingeinglovelovinglikelikingwatchwatchingsmokesmoking　　如果我們說　　　　I am watching a movie.　　那是指我現(xiàn)在正在看電影，這和　　　　I watch movies.　　意義上截然不同的，I watch movies是說我有看電影的習慣。舉例來說，以下幾句話都應該用現(xiàn)在式：我是一個學生I am a student.他是一個老師He is a teacher.他每天游泳He swims every day.湯姆勤奮工作Tom works hard他早起He gets up early.瑪莉喜歡看電影Mary loves watching movies.這里常常下雨It rains often here.我每天喝一杯牛奶I drink a glass of milk every day.我是中國人I am a Chinese.他會講英文He speaks English.他有喝茶的習慣He drinks tea.我騎腳踏車上學I ride a bicycle to school.他搭乘公交車上班He rides a bus to go to work.我不喜歡你I do not like you.他愛他的太太He loves his wife.他守法He obeys the law.我不喜歡莎士比亞I do not like Shakespeare.他不抽煙He does not smoke.他喝酒He drinks.他唱歌唱得很好He sings well.他跳舞跳得很好He dances well.他不會游泳He can not swim.他不是一個好學生He is not a good student.他們都很懶They are all very lazy.　　凡是真理，自然界的現(xiàn)象，數(shù)學里的定理，都要用現(xiàn)在式：太陽從東方升起The sun rises in the east.地球是圓的The earth is round.月亮是地球的一個衛(wèi)星The moon is a satellite of the earth.美國是一個大的國家America is a large country.在北極的夏天，太陽永不落下The sun never sets at the North Pole in summer.樹葉吸收二氧化碳Tree leaves absorb CO2 .計算機的基本原理是布爾代數(shù)The basic principle of puters is Boolean algebra二點決定一線Two points define a line.三點決定一平面Three points define a plane.三基本顏色是紅、黃、藍Three of the basic colors are red, yellow and blue.【練習二】將以下中文句子翻成英文，都用現(xiàn)在式?！　缀趺恳粋€英文動詞的過去式都有變化，以下是幾個例子：現(xiàn)在式過去式gowentecameeatateplayplayedswimswam　　不論那一個動詞，都有一個原形動詞，一切都是從這個原形動詞變出來的，像go、drink、have、walk、love、like等等都是原形動詞。那是多么美好的一天。如果我們會翻譯很多的中文句子，我們已經(jīng)很厲害了。更加不要說現(xiàn)在完成式了。根據(jù)我們的經(jīng)驗，絕大多數(shù)我們的錯誤，都與動詞有關。如果你背了很多正確的句子，總有一天，你說英文的時候，動詞該加s，你就會加s?！　￡P于現(xiàn)在式和過去式，究竟是怎么一回事，以后我們會解釋清楚的。很多人將這句話翻成　　　　　　　　　　　　I eat lunch.　　這就錯了，因為〝I eat lunch.〞的意思并不是〝我在吃午飯〞，而是〝我有吃午飯的習慣〞，意思是說，有人中午不吃午飯（可能是在減肥），我可是每天中午都會吃午飯的?！揪毩曀摹繉⑾铝芯渥幼g成英文，有的用現(xiàn)在式，有的用現(xiàn)在進行式：。1 過去式　　過去式是指過去所發(fā)生的事，舉例來說，假如我昨天去看了一場電影，我就可以說 I went to see a movie yesterday.以下全部是正確的句子： I saw your father last night. I met your son last month. I ate three apples this morning. He went to church to pray last night.　　可是，我們必須非常小心，因為一不小心，我們就可能犯了大錯，我們?nèi)绻蚯閭H表示愛情，當然說　　　　　　I love you.　　如果我們說 I loved you.事情就可能鬧大了，因為這表示我過去曾經(jīng)愛過你，可是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不愛了。【練習六】將下列的句子譯成英文句子，有的用現(xiàn)在式，有的用過去式：。，他們在唱歌。He has worked here since 1950.（6）我認識他已經(jīng)很久了。I have never danced in my life.我看過〝雙城記〞。也就是說，假如我們有兩件事 A 和 B，兩件事都發(fā)生在過去，但 A 發(fā)生在 B 以前，A 應該用過去完成式，B 則用過去式。（die），他是個好醫(yī)生。，他曾是個非常健康（healthy）的人。4. 我明天吃晚飯后要去臺北。我喜歡看有關醫(yī)院的節(jié)目。2 No, Never和Any的用法　　要達成否定的意思,有時我們也可以用no和never這些字，no必須跟一個名詞，請看下面的例子： saw no students here. are no lakes in this country. have no money. had no choice. has no friends.　　以上這些例子也可以用not來表示否定的意思，如果用not，則以上的句子應該照下面的方式寫； did not see any student here. can not find any lake in this country. do not have any money. did not have any choice. does not have any friends.　　除以上not之外，never也可以表達否定的意思，以下都是never的例子，請注意never常用在完成式的句子里：I have never gone there.He has never written any song.They have never washed their clothes.【練習二十四】用no，not和never填空在以下的句子里:I have money.A selfish person does have any friends. man is entirely alone. one is living here. We can get into this house. a single person loves me. one loves me.The person whom I saw did e.I did go to work yesterday.I had work to do yesterday.I can find any one in this hall.I have gone to America.He has written to me.第七章 問句(Questions)7167。clock tomorrow.以下是一些未來完成式的例子By the time he arrives at the station, the train will have left.We will have had three meetings before six o39。I will go to America tomorrow.He will dance tonight.Peter will finish his work next month.　　如果不用〝will〞，我們可以用〝verb to be +going to+ verb〞，如果我們?nèi)绱俗?，以上的三個句子就變成了以下的句子I am going to go to America tomorrow.He is going to dance tonight.Peter is going to finish his work next month.以下是一些未來式的例子：1. I will call you tonight.I am going to call you tonight.2. He will graduate next J