【正文】 m. Considering the mon occurrence and consumption of low levels, ICMSF has used 100 cfu/g as an example of an FSO. A 99% reduction in the number of illnesses will be obtained by setting a FSO at 100 L. monocytogenes per gram of food at the moment of consumption. . Case Studyuse of food safety objectives as a tool for reducing foodborne listeriosis FSO at 100 L. monocytogenes per gram of food at the moment of consumption. . the serving size is 60 g. 60 g 100 L. monocytogenes per gram of food ＝ 6000 L. monocytogenes / serving ≈ / serving ALOP: 105 ≤ per serving. Martin Cole From Martin Cole FSO≤ L. monocytogenes / serving ALOP≈0,001 105 105 ALOP≈0,01105 105 FSO≤ per serving From Lone Gram, Case Studyuse of food safety objectives as a tool for reducing foodborne listeriosis Performance Objectives and Criteria the term ―performance objective‖ has been introduced to describe an equivalent of the FSO further back the food processing chain. the term performance criteria (PC) is describing the oute (. 12D reduction) for instance,if a shelf life limit of less than three weeks (at 5176。 Setting FSOs for microbiological food safety management. (四） 食品安全目標(biāo)改進(jìn)街頭食品安全。 A concentration of salmonellae in powdered milk below 1 cfu/100 g. pathogenic E. coli 在包裝果汁中不超過1 cfu/10 升 From Leon Gorris From Martin Cole 三、 FSO的建立 （一） 建立與執(zhí)行 FSO的科學(xué)考 Scientific considerations for establishing And implementing FSO； （二）利用 FSO方法，建立降低食源性李氏特病的案例分析 Case Studyuse of food safety objectives as a tool for reducing foodborne listeriosis Scientific considerations for establishing And implementing FSO (1) 所關(guān)注的公共衛(wèi)生問題及對(duì)管理需求的鑒別。熱加工汁液，使其中 enteric pathogens減少 5 log。 In the United States, the document??Healthy People 2022‘ Using the numbers of illnesses in 1997 for infections associated with Campylobacter, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. as a starting point, Healthy People 2022 seeks a 50% reduction in the numbers of cases per 100,000 population by the year 2022。根據(jù) WTO《 衛(wèi)生和植物衛(wèi)生措施協(xié)定 （ SPS ） 》 規(guī)定 , 允許 WTO 成員在可獲得的科學(xué)依據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上 , 按有關(guān)情況對(duì)進(jìn)口動(dòng)植物風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行評(píng)估 , 確定適當(dāng)?shù)谋Ｗo(hù)水平（ the Appropriate Level of Protection (ALOP)，保護(hù)本國(guó)人民、動(dòng)物或植物生命或健康。 二、 FSO的概念 例如，當(dāng)： （ 1） FSO for the pathogen–product bination is 2（ FSO level = 100 cfu L. monocytogenes per gram[Lm/g]）； (2） Ho ≦ 0(level≦ 1 cfu/g)。 C 2分鐘。品值抽樣又兩類品值 （ ≦ m amp。 如果食物樣本中不容許含有某種受關(guān)注的微生物，則 兩類品值抽樣 大致可取。 C for proteolytic C. botulinum cook – 10 min at 90176。 (4) ∑I≦ 2，或 ∑I≦ 6 0－ 0＋ 2≦ 2，或 0－ 0＋ 6≦ 2 結(jié)論：符合 FSO，或不符合 FSO 三、 FSO的工作原理 然而， FSO 也只是在公共衛(wèi)生目標(biāo)（ ALOP）與實(shí)際操作（ performance)之間構(gòu)造了一座 “ 橋梁 ” ，確定了 “ 消費(fèi)時(shí)食品中危害的最大頻率和 /或最高濃度 ” ，它本身不能向食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者提供如何降低疾病水平的信息。也就是可接受的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平 (the acceptable level of risk) 。 Typically an ALOP would be articulated as a statement related to the disease burden associated with a particular hazardfood bination