【正文】
6 1900 16 2660 7 2021 17 2680 8 2100 9 2200 29 說明: 用割線法確定 (da/dN)i: 對應(yīng)的平均裂紋長度: 應(yīng)力強度因子幅度: 對于中心穿透裂紋( MT)試樣,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定 : (2a/W) 式中: DP=(1R)Pmax, 。 2. 高溫、大應(yīng) 變情況。 蠕變 混合分析。 19 小 結(jié) 1)若 a>> rp, 則線彈性斷裂力學(xué)可用。 13 In general, at low frequencies, crack growth rate increase as more time is allowed for environmental attack during the fatigue process. 一般地說,低頻率時裂紋擴展速率增大,因為在疲勞過程中環(huán)境效應(yīng)有更充分的時間作用。 10 腐蝕介質(zhì)作用下,裂紋可在低于 K1C時發(fā)生擴展。 若考慮 DKth的影響,有: da dN C K K R K K m th m c = [ ( ) ( ) ] ( ) D D D 1 7 th K R= 0 1 lgda/dN D lg( K) D 低速率區(qū) , R?, DKth?。1 第八章 疲勞裂紋擴展 疲勞裂紋擴展速率 疲勞裂紋擴展壽命預(yù)測 影響疲勞裂紋擴展的若干因素 疲勞裂紋擴展速率試驗 返回主目錄 2 前節(jié)回顧 : The plot of log da/dN versus log DK is a sigmoidal (S形 ) curve. This curve may be divided into three regions. At low stress intensities, cracking behavior is associated with threshold effects. In the midregion, the curve is essentially linear. Finally, at high DK values, crack growth rates are extremely high and little fatigue life is involved. lg da / dN 1 2 3 10 5 6 10 9 lg ( K) D ~ c K =(1 R) DK=(1R)Kmax th D K 3 Most of the current application of LEFM concepts to describe crack growth behavior are associated with region 2. In this region the log da/dN versus log DK curve is approximately linear and lies roughly between 107 and 104 mm/cycle. Many curve fits to this region have been suggested. The Paris equation, which was proposed in the early 1960’s, is the most widely accepted. 大多數(shù)用線彈性斷裂力學(xué)描述裂紋擴展的應(yīng)用是與區(qū)域 2相關(guān)的。 DK?DKth,da/dN?0。循環(huán)波形影響是更次要的。影響環(huán)境效應(yīng)的一些附加因素是加載頻率、溫度、加載波形和應(yīng)力比。由此可計算不同 a時的 DK、 DP。 分析。 1. 構(gòu)件 N小, 塑性應(yīng)變大 如低強結(jié)構(gòu) 鋼缺口件。 要求 :用最小二乘擬合給出 Paris公式中的 C、 m值,并計算相關(guān)系數(shù)。 3. 構(gòu)件幾何復(fù)雜 時難算 K。 rp<< a, 裂紋不擴展 DK< DKth 臨界裂紋: Kmax=Kc Paris公式: da/dN =C(DK)m 22 應(yīng)力疲勞法 應(yīng)變疲勞法 斷裂力學(xué)法 優(yōu) 點 材料參數(shù)