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st half hour must be a swamp to wade through, very much like my experience of getting through a Tolstoy tome with its endless inflections of names transliterated into lengthy Chinese. I see the choice of verbatim translation as an effort for conveying exotica. It is fairly petent, with no error that I could detect, but fails to rise above words or capture the essence of the language. A cultural product usually crosses over to a foreign territory first by an emphasis on the monalities. But whether inside or outside China, the temptation to sell it for the differences is just too great. Sure, the sumptuous sets and costumes are a big attraction, but the narrative technique has bee- how shall I put it?- a bit anglicized, which is necessary for cultural export. Judging by the responses, this legend, which, contrary to the claim of the English trailer, is totally fictitious, has departed from China but not yet landed on American shores. I am a big fan of Ralph Waldo Emerson39。再次感謝張老師,讓我感受到了化學(xué)的樂趣,拓展了我的化學(xué)視野。 抗氧化活性 選取了茶樹菇多糖、百合多糖、枸杞多糖在超氧陰離子和羥基自由基兩個(gè)不同的氧化體系中,以維生素 C作參照,研究了這三種干貨多糖的抗氧化抗氧化活性。與同濃度的維生素 C濃度比強(qiáng)很多。OH的清除作用 圖 2顯示,茶樹菇多糖對(duì)羥基自由基具有清除能力,且和維生素 C一樣隨著濃度增加清除作用增強(qiáng)。料液比分別 1: 1: 1: 1:50、 1:60、 1:70。通過 測定加入多糖溶液的體系的吸光度來判斷它的消除能力。 Fe2+ 與 H2O2 在Fenton反應(yīng)中產(chǎn)生羥基自由基的方程式如下: ?? 222 FeOH === ?? ??? 3FeOHOH 向該反應(yīng)體系中加入鄰菲羅啉,由于羥基自由基活性很高 , 能夠很有效的被鄰菲羅啉所結(jié)合,產(chǎn)生有色物質(zhì)。過濾,濾渣按一定的料液比加入蒸餾水,熱水浴中保溫一定時(shí)間。曬干后為黑色,含有豐富的礦物質(zhì)、中等的蛋白質(zhì)和多糖。從 20 世紀(jì)下半葉以來,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)多糖具有很多的功能特點(diǎn)和生物活性。運(yùn)用了單因素變量法和正交實(shí)驗(yàn)組合得出了提取干木耳多糖的最優(yōu)的條件:浸提溫度 90176。 關(guān)鍵詞 :熱水浸提;提??;含量測定;抗氧化性 2 Research a variety of dry polysaccharide content and antioxidant activity Abstract:In this paper, the hot water extraction method was used to crudely extract polysaccharide of dry black fungus, and the effects of different ratios of solid to liquid, time and temperature on the extraction rate were also studied. By applying single factor analysis and orthogonal optimization experiment, the results of the optimum extraction conditions were obtained as follows: extraction temperature(90176。 所以抗氧化是化妝品、醫(yī)學(xué)治療等方面的重點(diǎn)研發(fā)方向之一。曬干后,顏色黃褐,有淺皺紋。 然后用 1mL的吸量管分別移取 、 、 、 、 、 的葡萄糖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液于干燥的比色管中,再用 2mL的吸量管分別移取 、 、 、 、 ,補(bǔ)至 。配制維生素 C溶液用同樣的方法。清除率計(jì)算: 為了進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化木耳多糖提取工藝,我們采用了 L9( 33)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)法 [10]。在 ,它的清除作用比維生素 C低,但是在 ~,百合多 糖的清除作用略大于維生素 C,并且在 ,具有比較強(qiáng)的清除作用??傮w說明,百合多糖對(duì) 抗氧化活性在人類保健、美容、醫(yī)學(xué)治療上 仍然 有 很大的潛在價(jià)值。80s. We sat on the back of pickup trucks for hours. The sky was blue, and we couldn39。s essay affects me very deeply. Not as an urging to bee self reliant – I39。s lost, I believe, are the interesting setups and pauses that illuminate the Chinese art of 18 storytelling. Much of the plot is still there. It is the flavor that was sacrificed. The American edition uses the framework of the Empress Dowager in her senior years reminiscing at the beginning and the end of each episode, hinting at what39。 在這個(gè)過程中,完成論文盡管很重要,但更重要的是在張老師的教導(dǎo)下,鍛煉了我獨(dú)立完成論文的能力,培養(yǎng)了我看待事情的方式,授人以魚不如授人以漁。 多糖 的 含量 采用蒽酮 硫酸法測出 ,木耳多糖含量是 %,是枸杞多糖含量是 %,海帶多糖含量 %,干百合多糖含量是 %,銀耳多糖含量 %,紅棗多糖含量 %,茶樹菇多糖含量 %。當(dāng) 茶樹菇多糖濃度為 ,它的清除率就達(dá)到了 %。 茶樹菇多糖 根據(jù) ,不同濃度的茶樹菇多糖,對(duì)照維生素 C對(duì)羥基自由基的作用, 結(jié)果如圖表 2: 0102030405060708090 1試液濃度/ / m g / m L清除率//%茶樹菇多糖維生素C 圖 2 維生素 C和茶樹菇多糖對(duì) 浸提 料液比對(duì)多糖提取率的影響 由表 2表 22可知,固定浸提時(shí)間為 ,浸提溫度為 90℃ 不變。O 2 ,減少了紅色中間產(chǎn)物的積累,降低了在 310nm處的吸光度。OH)消除作用的測定方法 [7] 本文采用的是用 Fenton法反應(yīng)形成羥基自由基的體系。 取一定量預(yù)處理過的樣品,按 1:10的料液比加入 95%( V/V)的乙醇,低溫浸泡 12h。海帶,一種大型海藻類 的 植物之一。實(shí)質(zhì)是一種糖鏈,由糖苷鍵結(jié)合而成。O 2)消除作用 .....……………………………....…1 2 茶樹菇多糖 ..................................................……………..……..…..…..1 2 干百合多糖 ..........................................................………………..……..1 2 枸杞多糖 ..................................................................................................13 3 結(jié)論 ...............................………...…..……………………………………………1 3 干木耳多糖提取的優(yōu)化 ..........…………….…………………………..…1 3 多糖的含量 .............................................……..……………..…................1 3 抗氧化活性 ........…………..………….......................................................1 3 4 未來展望 ………….………..…….………………………………...…………….1 4 參考文獻(xiàn) ……………………………………………………………………..… ……1 5 致謝 ………………………………………………………………………………..…1 6 1 多種干貨多糖含量測定及抗氧化性的研究 摘要 :本文選用熱水浸提法對(duì)干木耳的多糖進(jìn)行了粗 提取,同時(shí)研究了不同提取料液比、時(shí)間、溫度對(duì)干木耳多糖提取率的影響。C), extraction time(), ratio of solid to liquid(1:40), and extraction rate (%). In the same way, we extracted polysaccharide of various kinds of dry goods and also identified each polysaccharide content with the anthronesulfuric acid method. The selected dry goods as medlar, agrocybe cylindracea and lily all have inoxidizability in different antioxidant systems. There are some doseeffect relationships between the concentration of polysaccharide and its antioxidant capacity. Under the same concentration conditions, pared with Vitamin C, it can be obtained that the antioxidant capacity of agrocybe cylindracea is better than that of Vitamin C, the antioxidant capacity of lily is almost the same as Vitamin C, and the antioxidant capacity of medlar is worse than that of Vitamin C. Keywords: Hot water extraction。 本文中選用了七種干貨,選其中一種干貨木耳,采用熱水浸提法,進(jìn)行浸提條件的優(yōu)化工藝的研究 [4]。 選取的這七種干貨,產(chǎn)量高,價(jià)格適中,取材方便,營養(yǎng)價(jià)值高,功效多,都有很好的開發(fā)前景。將七個(gè)比色管放在冰水浴中,用 5mL的吸量管迅速移取 硫酸溶液分別加入比色管內(nèi),搖勻。 取 6支干燥且干凈的比色管,依次編號(hào)、分別向里面加入 溶液,磷酸鹽 生理鹽水( pH=)緩沖溶液 , 和 、 、 、 、 (注: 1號(hào)為空白對(duì)照,用蒸餾水代替多糖溶液)。O 2 清除率 =(A0A樣品 )/A0 100% 2 結(jié)果與分析 干木耳粗多糖提取的條件優(yōu)化及含量的測定 多糖在熱水提取的過程中,有許多因素會(huì)影響多糖提取率。 表 24 因素水平 水平 A時(shí)間 /h B料液比 C溫度 ℃ 1 2 3 3 30 70 40 80 30 70 90 表 25 正交實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果 試驗(yàn)號(hào) 列號(hào) A B C 木耳多糖提取率/% 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 3 3 4 2 1 2 5 2 2