【正文】 ly referenced codes and installation standards are inplete, out dated and promulgated by mercial interests. On the other hand IEC, IEEE, MILSTD, FAA, NASA and similar documents are supported by background engineering, the peerreview process, and are technical in nature. Summary It is important that all of the above subjects be considered in a lightning safety analysis. There is no Utopia in lightning protection. Lightning may ignore every defense man can conceive. A systematic hazard mitigation approach to lightning safety is a prudent course of action. References 1. API 2020, Protection Against Ignitions Arising out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents, American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC, December 1991. 2. Golde, ., Lightning, Academic Press, NY, 1977. 3. Hasse, P., Overvoltage Protection of Low Voltage Systems, Peter Peregrinus Press, London, 1992. 4. Hovath, Tibor, Computation of Lightning Protection, John Wiley, NY, 1991. 5. IEEE Std 1100, Powering and Grounding of Sensitive Electronic Equipment, IEEE, NY, NY. 1992. 6. KSCSTDE0012B, Standard for Bonding and Grounding, Engineering Development Directorate, John F. Kennedy Space Center, NASA, 1991. 7. Morris, ., ., RocketTriggered Lightning Studies for the Protection of Critical Assets, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 30, No. 3, May/June 1994. 8. Sunde, . Earth Conduction Effects in Transmission Systems, D. Van Nostrand Co., NY, 1949. 9. Towne, D., Wave Phenomena, Dover Publications, NY. 10. Uman, Martin, Lightning, Dover Publications, NY, 1984. 。 physical characteristics include current levels sometimes in excess of 400 kA, temperatures to 50,000 degrees F., and speeds approaching one third the speed of light. Globally, some 2020 ongoing thunderstorms cause about 100 lightning strikes to earth each second. USA insurance pany information shows one homeowner39。 5。在出現(xiàn)雷暴的時候，在室內(nèi)或汽車里的時候，應(yīng)避免接觸水和其他一些的金屬物件 。 單點接地系統(tǒng)是將所有內(nèi)部設(shè)備連接到一根主母線在連接到外部接地系統(tǒng)。在等效電力場所，鈍尖桿被看作是一種有效的避雷針類型。 2。美國保險公司的資料顯示每 57 索賠有一次是因為雷擊損壞。 避雷針 從富蘭克林研究雷電開始，就使用避雷針進行建筑物防雷并引流接地。 接地 接地系統(tǒng)必須面對地球的低阻抗和阻力。快速上升時間條件下，電纜電感成為重要的高瞬態(tài)電壓可以使用較長的引線。 Golde， .，閃電，學術(shù)出版社，紐約， 1977。湯，四，波動現(xiàn)象，多佛出版社，臺北。 avoid solitary trees。 SCADA equipment, etc. Further, protect ining and outgoing data and signal lines. Protect electric devices which serve the primary asset such as well heads, remote security alarms, CCTV cameras, high mast lighting, etc. HVAC vents which perate one structure from another should not be ignored as possible troublesome electrical pathways. Surge suppressors should be installed with minimum lead lengths to their respective panels. Under fast rise time conditions, cable inductance bees important and high transient voltages can be developed across long leads. In all instances, use high quality, high speed, selfdiagnosing protective ponents. Transient limiting devices may use a bination of