【正文】 sidered in a lightning safety analysis. There is no Utopia in lightning protection. Lightning may ignore every defense man can conceive. A systematic hazard mitigation approach to lightning safety is a prudent course of action. References 1. API 2020, Protection Against Ignitions Arising out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents, American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC, December 1991. 2. Golde, ., Lightning, Academic Press, NY, 1977. 3. Hasse, P., Overvoltage Protection of Low Voltage Systems, Peter Peregrinus Press, London, 1992. 4. Hovath, Tibor, Computation of Lightning Protection, John Wiley, NY, 1991. 5. IEEE Std 1100, Powering and Grounding of Sensitive Electronic Equipment, IEEE, NY, NY. 1992. 6. KSCSTDE0012B, Standard for Bonding and Grounding, Engineering Development Directorate, John F. Kennedy Space Center, NASA, 1991. 7. Morris, ., ., RocketTriggered Lightning Studies for the Protection of Critical Assets, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 30, No. 3, May/June 1994. 8. Sunde, . Earth Conduction Effects in Transmission Systems, D. Van Nostrand Co., NY, 1949. 9. Towne, D., Wave Phenomena, Dover Publications, NY. 10. Uman, Martin, Lightning, Dover Publications, NY, 1984. 。 get off the high ground。s day, lightning rods conducted current away from buildings to earth. Lightning rods, now known as air terminals, are believed to send Streamers upward at varying distances and times according to shape, height and other factors. Different designs of air terminals may be employed according to different protection requirements. For example, the utility industry prefers overhead shielding wires for electrical substations. In some cases, no use whatsoever of air terminals is appropriate (example: munitions bunkers). Air terminals do not provide for safety to modern electronics within structures. Air terminal design may alter Streamer behavior. In equivalent efields, a blunt pointed rod is seen to behave differently than a sharp pointed rod. Faraday Cage and overhead shield designs produce yet other effects. Air terminal design and performance is a controversial and unresolved issue. Commercial claims of the elimination of lightning deserve a skeptical reception. Further research and testing is ongoing in order to understand more fully the behavior of various air terminals. Downconductors, Bonding and Shielding Downconductors should be installed in a safe manner through a known route, outside of the structure. They should not be painted, since this will increase impedance. Gradual bends (min. eight inch radius) should be adopted to avoid flashover problems. Building steel may be used in place of downconductors where practical as a beneficial part of the earth electrode subsystem. Bonding assures that all metal masses are at the same electrical potential. All metallic conductors entering structures (AC power, gas and water pipes,