【正文】 of Emperor Yellow, people began to make closes by silk. Archaeologists unearthed more than 6900 years old textile tools and silkworm pictures of the Neolithic Age in Yuyao, Zhejiang province, and more than 4700 years old plain silk sheets of the Neolithic Age in Qianshanyang, Wuxing County, Zhejiang province, which proved that Chinese ancestors had woven silk at the Neolithic Age. At the Warring States Period (475 BC221 BC), the silk products in China were various, covering Juan, Wan, Luo, Gao, Sha, Tao, Qi, Jin, and other more than ten types, even including ambroidered silk with delicate patterns. For example, the woven Jin unearthed from a tomb of Country Chu at the Warring States Period and the Jin from atomb of the same Time was woven by two kinds of silk with three colors. The patterns were smooth, various, and colorful. Not only the silkweaving technology tended to be mature, but also was the scale of production beyong the former age. For instance, the exchange of silk between princes at the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC475 BC) as a predent was about 30 Pi (an ancient unit of measure, about meters) once, but at the Warring States Period, the amount was beyond one thousand Pi. At that time, both the government and the private workshops and families could produce silk. The government appointed special agent to run the production of silk, which was mainly for the upper class, instead of exchange. The private workshops produced silk for circulation in market, not only in China but also in the West. Chinese silk exported to the West. It was a solid fact with archaeological proofs. Amounts of Chinese silk hasbeen found in clusters of tombs in Cartoon River (the area of Katanjin), Bolaili River (the area of Bolaili), Wuer Suer River (the area of Xibin, Basha Daer, etc.), Wulagan River (the area of Baze Leike) of Altai Region of Gorno in the former Soviet Union. These silk was produced in the 6th century . to the 5th century . In Village Stuttgart, Hawk Davidoff, Germany, archaeologist unearthed Chinese silk woven in 5th century . From the clay spots with red flowers patterns, which were manufactured in Athens in 5th century ., archaecologists found extremely thin cloth. Similar fabric was also found from clay spots Aoxisuo and Pengbei produced in the mid4th century . In a Greek ivory painting “Polis Judge” from the 3rd century unearthed from Crimean Peninsula, the godness wore transparent tulle, showing her breast and navel. These items prove that at the era of Greece and Rome Chines silk has won the love of ancient Greek and Roman, especially the nobility, who had pursued the Chinese silk as the gorgeous, elegant, and fashinable apparel. Because of the export of Chinese silk to the West, the Greek has named China as “Seres” around the 5th century . “Seres” is Greek, meaning the place producing silk or people selling silk. These facts confirm that Chinese silk has exported to the West far before the mission of Qian Zhang to Western Regions. However, for a very long period, the West only imported silk but did not know how to weave silk. Untill the 1st century AD the naturalist Gais Pliny did not know where silk came from. He believed Chinese silk grew in trees in his “Natural History”. Because silk was from faraway China, long distance resulted in expensive silk. The price even reached 600g gold per pound silk. The Rome nobility was crazy for Chinese silk, which caused a huge loss of golden coins. Therefore, the Rome senate forbad people to wear silk clothes for many times. However, it did not stop the sale of Chinese silk in Rome at all. Chinese silk is worldfamous with its soft, gentle, colorful, and dazzling nature. People from all countries in the world love to wear silk. The Rome named Chinese silk as “Dayeboer”, meaning “vivid” and “realistic” in Greek. Lucette Boulnois said in his The Silk Road: “After the Rome knew silk, they not only spoke highly of it, but also sought for it.” Gais Pliny in his Natural History recorded: Chinese silk “woven beautiful cloth and shipped into Rome. The rich and noble women wore silk clothes, shining all the time.” It was said that Julius Caesar, dressed in eyecatching Chinese silk gown, had watched operas in big theater and won the audiences’ sensation. Then, the Rome nobility peted with each other with luxury silk clothes and decorations. After Qian Zhang’s two missions to Western Regions, the way from China to Eurasian continent was established and amounts of Chinese silk was exported to European and midAsian countries. Untill the 4th century ., the Rome, whoever rich or poor, could able to wear silk clothe, as the trade relation between Rome and China was set up after Qian Zhang mission to Western Regions. 2. Qian Zhang’s Mission to Western Regions (Xiyu) Before I reach the Qina Zhang’s Mission, let me say a little bit of silk productions that made in the Central Plains. In Han Dynasty (202 BCAD184), techniques of silkmade, texitile, dyeing, and emroidery have improved significantly. Various silk appeared, including Jin, Qi, Luo, Sha, Gao, Su, Lian, Jian, Juan, Ling, Chou, Wan, Man, Qing, Fu, etc. Patterns were richer, such as clouds pattern, geometric pattern, bird and animal pattern, auspicious words pattern, and hunting patte