【正文】 改革中鼓勵員工自愿入股，增強(qiáng)員工對企業(yè)資產(chǎn)的關(guān)切度，為企業(yè)的發(fā)展開辟新的融資渠道。 （ 3）缺乏與中小企業(yè)相匹配的中小金融機(jī)構(gòu)。中小企業(yè)經(jīng)營規(guī)模小，生產(chǎn)技術(shù)水平落后，產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)單一且科技含量低，抵御風(fēng)險能力差，經(jīng)不起原材料或產(chǎn)品價格的波動，經(jīng)營風(fēng)險較大。s livelihood, stable target. In this sense, the international financial crisis under the impact of China39。銀行一方 面要降低門檻，另一方面必須簡化程序、減少環(huán)節(jié)，建立高效的審批機(jī)制 , 這樣才能適應(yīng)小企業(yè)對信貸資金短、平、快的要求。但對于更多中小企業(yè)而言還達(dá)不到上市的條件，解決這類企業(yè)股權(quán)融資、股份流轉(zhuǎn)需要一個有效的場外市場。對現(xiàn)有五大國有銀行 , 應(yīng)鼓勵其大力發(fā)展自己有利于小企業(yè)融資的專門機(jī)構(gòu)，放松其下設(shè)分支機(jī)構(gòu)的審批環(huán)節(jié)，鼓勵它們在地、縣，甚至鄉(xiāng)，來提供更接近、更方便的金融服務(wù)。中小企業(yè)普遍誠信意識薄弱，類似的一家企業(yè)幾套報表的現(xiàn)象屢見不鮮，可能在稅務(wù)這邊報表難看一些 , 少交點(diǎn)稅，在銀行這邊可能表好看一些，多貸點(diǎn)款，這樣信息是否真實(shí)可靠就成了問題。而這種做法對企業(yè)反而是很不利的，對中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展是不健康的，我們試想一下，如果幾個 部門把這些表全拿在一起，那首先這個企業(yè)是不誠信的，他就沒有立足之地了。 2 、政府應(yīng)該幫助銀行建立一個信用體系，進(jìn)一步降低他們的信息成本，在我國，央行從 1998 年起就開始啟動了企業(yè)征信體系建設(shè)，由專門機(jī)構(gòu)采集、保存、整理、分析、使用企業(yè)的信用信息，以防范信用風(fēng)險，保持金融市場穩(wěn)定。在 2020 年開始，我國啟動了非上市股份公司進(jìn)入證券公司掛牌交易的試點(diǎn)工作。中國銀行四月底推出了信貸工廠。s economy could not really low, the key is out of small and mediumsized enterprises vitality can be fully recovered. Second, the sme financing reason analysis Sme loans and financing is a cosmopolitan should say, see, both from China, and 8 mechanism of medium and smallsized enterprises, there are three main reasons: first, the medium and smallsized enterprises, small and mediumsized enterprises generally small, weak strength, it39。加上中小企業(yè)信譽(yù)不高，信用觀念淡漠，導(dǎo)致銀行 放貸慎之又慎。在我國目前的銀行組織體系中，還缺乏專門為中小企業(yè)融資服務(wù)的政策性銀行，雖然我國已有遍及城鄉(xiāng)的中小商業(yè)銀行如農(nóng)村信用社、股份制商業(yè)銀行、城市商業(yè)銀行等，但由于他們沒有得到政策性融資權(quán)，自身問題還沒有解決，無法滿足中小企業(yè)貸款需要。 （ 2）規(guī)范企業(yè)財務(wù)制度，提高財務(wù)管理水平。此外還應(yīng)大力發(fā)行包括可轉(zhuǎn)換債券在內(nèi)的各類企業(yè)債券，積極探索資產(chǎn)證券化、房地產(chǎn)抵押貸款證券化等方式。 ine, the transfer of rural surplus labor force is playing more and more important, etc. However, in recent years, the development of small and mediumsized enterprises facing great difficulties. Especially the influence to the further development of small and mediumsized enterprises in China is the most important factor to sme financing channel is narrow, financing, financing number structure unreasonable, financing cost is high. If less than 30% of the industrial sector contribution of stateowned enterprise occupied 70% of bank loan, but creates 70 percent of the GDP of the nonstateowned enterprises only 30% of the bank loans. If this phenomenon is not sufficient to improve, small and mediumsized enterprises will be difficult, sustained and rapid development of the whole national economy will directly influence the development. 1. Sme financing reason analysis From the above we can see the present financing, financing China has restricted the development of small and mediumsized enterprises. The reason is that both small and mediumsized enterprise itself, also have bank management system, there are more reasons of national policy. Enterprise itself. (1) the small scale of capital, small and mediumsized enterprises information idea indifference. Small and mediumsized enterprises operating in small scale, production technology, product structure behind a single level and low technology, to resist the risk ability is poor, fluctuating prices of raw materials or products, management risk is bigger. Add small and mediumsized enterprise credit is not high, credit, bank lending nonamericans options. Many small and mediumsized enterprise information disclosure awareness, financial management level is low, the lack of objective 20 information and transparent. In addition, individual small and mediumsized enterprise still malicious smoke escape capital, default, shell, suspended creditor bank, causing serious harm to the loss of credit funds of the small and mediumsized enterprises, the overall level of credit. (2) smes financial system is not perfect, the internal control system is not perfect, the accounting information distortion, Banks and enterprises information asymmetry, for sme financing difficulty increases. Assess, smes financial system is not perfect 50%, many small and mediumsized enterprise quality management, low lack of financial management knowledge, major financial decisionmaking by their heads to decide, management is very chaotic. At the same time, in order to cope with the inspection and supervision department also prepare two sets, and even more so, enterprise, to provide accurate accounting information, the bank also cannot find the reality of the enterprise to increase the risk of bank loan business. bank reasons (1) the policy system of bank loan and unbalanced directly affect the direct financing channels. Our financial institutions wi。同時還要大力發(fā)展創(chuàng)業(yè)投 資基金。積極清償銀行的債務(wù)和應(yīng)付款項(xiàng)，建立企業(yè)的信用制度，提高企業(yè)的信任水平。金融體制的改革是相對滯后的，從計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)延續(xù)下來的金融結(jié)構(gòu)不合理的問題仍然沒有徹底有效地解決，抑制了中小銀行、民營銀行發(fā)展。此外，個別中小企業(yè)還惡意抽逃資金，拖欠帳款、空殼經(jīng)營、懸空銀行債權(quán)，造成信貸資金流失，嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了中小企業(yè)的整體信用水平。a, solving some problems, but the loans of the small and mediumsized enterprises, especially those small problems, once the bankruptcy, nobody tube, so the bank loan quality cannot guaranteed, so in this management system, to reduce the risks, the bank will demand of small and mediumsized enterprises in providing enough after pawn dare loan. Another bank from the operation cost of small and mediumsized enterprises, do loans will pay more manpower, so also does not want to extend loans to small and mediumsized enterprises. A bank operating costs, the half is labor cost, small and mediumsized enterprises especially do small, very high labor costs, is five million or 50m or fifty billion billion a loan, it is the same as the workload, but it is the benefit of different times. Third, the sme financing channel is too narrow and small and mediumsized enterprises in the capital markets have direct financing ways of securities market, including small plate and gem, And private equity funds, industrial investment funds, venture investment funds, risk investment funds, and the bond market, etc. But since the sept. 25, 2020, the small plate market, securities issued after huachang chemical and closed the door, just recently IPO to restart the IPO. But gem is ten years,