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X 方向表示時間,Y 方向表示變量的量程百份比。畫面的工具欄里面,可以選擇工具箱,調(diào)色板,線形等在畫面中顯示,這些在畫圖的時候經(jīng)常需要用上。組 態(tài) 王 開 發(fā) 監(jiān) 控 系 統(tǒng) 軟 件 是 眾 多 組 態(tài) 軟 件 里 面 的 一 種 , 組態(tài)王是一個具有豐富功能的 HMI/SCADA 軟件。 2)整定積分環(huán)節(jié)先將步驟 1)中選擇的比例系數(shù)減小為原來的 50~80%,再將積分時間置一個較大值,觀測響應(yīng)曲線。使它們的值都在 ~ 之間。 PID 在 PLC 中的回路指令現(xiàn)在很多 PLC 已經(jīng)具備了 PID 功能,STEP 7 Micro/WIN 就是其中之一有的16是專用模塊,有些是指令形式。 其 特 點(diǎn) 是 具 有 快 速 反 應(yīng) , 控 制 及 時 , 但 不 能 消 除 余 差 。系統(tǒng)塊的設(shè)置如下,需要注意的是,PLC 的地址默認(rèn)是 2,但本設(shè)計(jì)中需要用到的地址是 1,如圖 38。EM231 熱電偶模塊提供一個方便的,隔離的接口,用于七種熱電偶類型:J、K、 E、N、S 、T 和 R 型,它也允許連接微小的模擬量信號(177。目前 PLC 制造廠家大都開發(fā)了計(jì)算機(jī)輔助 PLC 編程支持軟件,當(dāng)個人計(jì)算機(jī)安裝了 PLC 編程支持軟件后,可用作圖形編程器,進(jìn)行用戶程序的編輯、修改,并通過個人計(jì)算機(jī)和 PLC 之間的通信接口實(shí)現(xiàn)用戶程序的雙向傳送、監(jiān)控 PLC 運(yùn)行狀態(tài)等。整體式 PLC 一般由 CPU5板、I/O 板、顯示面板、內(nèi)存和電源組成。第四章,介紹了本論文中用到的一些算法技巧和思想,包括 PWM、PID 控制、PID 在 PLC 中的使用方法以及 PID 的參數(shù)整定方法。而且它可以對現(xiàn)場裝置(含變送器、執(zhí)行器等)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程診斷、維護(hù)和組態(tài),這是其他系統(tǒng)無法達(dá)到的 [9]。過去工業(yè)鍋爐大多用人工結(jié)合常規(guī)儀表監(jiān)控,一般較難達(dá)到滿意的結(jié)果,原因是工業(yè)鍋爐的燃燒系統(tǒng)是一個多變量輸入的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)。 對于 過 去 需 要 幾 個 月 的 工 作 , 通 過 組 態(tài) 幾 天 就 可 以 完 成 .組態(tài)王是國內(nèi)一家較有影響力的組態(tài)軟件開發(fā)公司開發(fā)的,組態(tài)王具有流程畫面,過程數(shù)據(jù)記錄,趨勢曲線,報(bào)警窗口,生產(chǎn)報(bào)表等功能,已經(jīng)在多個領(lǐng)域被應(yīng)用 [4]。組態(tài)王功能強(qiáng)大,操作方便,有助于系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)視與控制,表明了組態(tài)軟件的具有很好的發(fā)展前景。指導(dǎo)教師意見: 學(xué)生簽名: 年 月 日指導(dǎo)教師簽名: 年 月 日總體完成情況指導(dǎo)教師意見:按計(jì)劃完成,完成情況優(yōu)( )按計(jì)劃完成,完成情況良( )基本按計(jì)劃完成,完成情況合格( )完成情況不合格( )指導(dǎo)教師簽名: 年 月 日附表三、畢業(yè)論文答辯情況答辯人 專 業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì))題目答辯小組成員答辯記錄:記錄人簽名: 年 月 日學(xué)術(shù)誠信聲明本人所呈交的畢業(yè)論文,是在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下,獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究工作所取得的成果,所有數(shù)據(jù)、圖片資料均真實(shí)可靠。根據(jù)爐子的實(shí)際溫度,在不同的溫度偏差下使用不同的 PID 參數(shù),實(shí)行粗調(diào)與微調(diào)相結(jié)合。并利用組態(tài)軟件組態(tài)王設(shè)計(jì)人機(jī)界面,實(shí)現(xiàn)控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時監(jiān)控。除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外,本論文不包含任何其他人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的作品或成果。關(guān)鍵詞: 溫度控制;可編程控制器;PID;組態(tài)王IAbstractTemperature is the most universal and important industrial parameter in all kinds of technical produce and scientific experiment. The manipulative precision of temperature will take a great effect on production or experimental result. In many cases,we need to control the temperature of various types of furnace, heat treatment furnaces, reactors .But they are plex and changing .As a result, its control over demand regulator .The mode of temperature control is various. The programmable logic controller(PLC) is Reliable、not easily to be jamming and easily to be learned and used , weled by workers and widely used in industry.Programmable controller (PLC) is a digital electronic puting operating system, designed for applications in industrial environments designed. It uses a programmable memory for storage in its internal implementation of logic operations, sequence control, timing, calculation and arithmetic operations, such as operating instructions, and through digital and analog input and output, control of various types of machinery or the production process.Configuration is to use application software to provide the tools, methods, and to plete the works in the course of a specific task. Configuration software applications is broad, it can be applied to power systems, water supply systems, petroleum, chemical and other fields of data acquisition and supervisory control and process control and many other fields. Before the concept of the configuration, in order to achieve a particular task, using the preparation process is achieved. Programming is not only a heavy workload, long and easy to make mistakes, can not guarantee period. The emergence of the configuration software can solve the problem. The Kingview can help plete the task in a few days.This thesis mainly introduces a design of temperature control system with SIMATIC programmable logic controller (PLC) S7200 and the Kingview configuration soft .We use the PLC s7200 with cup 22the K type thermocouple IIand temperature module EM231 as the hardware, and use the STEP 7 Micro WIN to programming . The thermocouple can measure the temperature of the stove, and translate the temperature signal to the voltage signal. And then the EM235 will transmit it to the PLC after disposing the signal .This system use positional type PID arithmetic and PulseWidth Modulation methodology .And the procedure use idea of coarse adjustment algorithm and the fine adjustment algorithm. The procedure will run with different PID parameter in different condition.We have designed Human Machine Interface(HMI)with the Kingview configuration soft which is developed by domestic pany . The Kingview can monitor and control the PLC on line. We also have designed several menu ,including the historical curve screen 、the real time curve screen、the data report forms screen、the alarm screen and parameter monitoring screen. Users can easily query the operation of PLC, data acquisition and online control.The experimental results show that,the plc can work reliably, stably. The system using coarse adjustment algorithm and the fine adjustment algorithm can get a better result. That is fast response, small overshoot, rapid adjustment, high accuracy. The Kingview is powerful, easy to operate. We can speculate that configuration software will have a good prospect for development.Keywords:Temperature Control;PLC;PID;KingViewIII目 錄第一章 前 言 ...................................................................1 課題研究背景 ....................................................1 溫度控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ..........................................2 本文的研究內(nèi)容 ..................................................4第二章 可編程控制器的概述 ........................................................5 可編程控制器的產(chǎn)生 ..............................................5 可編程控制器的基本組成 ..........................................5第三章 硬件配置和軟件環(huán)境 .......................................................8 實(shí)驗(yàn)配置 ........................................................8 西門子 S7200...........................................8 傳感器 .................................................8 EM 231 模擬量輸入模塊 ...................................9 STEP 7 MICRO/WIN32 軟件介紹 .....................................10 安裝 STEP 7MWIN32 ..............................