【正文】 s objectivity to Shakespeare39。 both Elizabeth and Darcy display pride and prejudice.[8]A major theme in much of Austen39。 they persecute the heroes and obstruct their every move and actionPositivepositive characters are always people with natural, unpreserved feelings, and though “for the sake of appearance”, and to make them acceptable to the 18? century reader, Joseph Andrews, the manservant, and Tome Jones, the foundling, are eventually give parents of noble descent, still they have nothing aristocratic about them, and in their feelings and behavior, remain closely related to the mon peopleFielding’s satireHe hates that hypocrisy which tries to conceal itself under a mask of morality. In the evolution of the plots of his novels, he invariably puts such characters in position which tear away their mask. He displays almost savage pleasure in making them ridiculous.Joseph AndrewsCommentsFielding’s best work: Amelia is the story of a good life in contrast with an unworthy husbandDescriptionJoseph Andrews, was inspired by the success of Richardson’s novel Pamela, and began as a burlesque of the false sentimentality and the conventional virtues of Richardson’s heroine(PamelaRichardsonRichardson, who has no humor, who minces words, and moralizes, and dotes on the sentimental woes of his heroinesFieldingFielding is direct, vigorous, hilarious, and coarse to the point of vulgarity. He is full of animal spirits, and he tells the story of a vagabond life, not for the sake of moralizing, like Defoe, but simply because it interests him and his only concerns is “to laugh men out of their follies.”So his story, though it abounds in unpleasant incidents, generally leaves the reader with the strong impression of reality.Jonathan SwiftThe eighteenth century in English literature is an age of prose, but because the poetry is very bad but because the prose is very good. Writer’s positionThe supreme master in the first part of the century, the name of Jonathan Swift is one of the very greatest names in English literatureGulliver’s Travels’ positionThe book is a classic and devastating satire on the human race.Gulliver’s Travels’ powerThe secret of the power is that there is no visible sign of anger, nor raising the voice。 Darcy, on the other hand, has been taught to be principled and scrupulously honourable, but is also proud and overbearing.[4] Kitty, rescued from Lydia39。s choice of subject and method of treatment. He maintained that the widest possible freedom in content and approach would help ensure narrative fiction39。s point of view and her free indirect speech is essential... for it is through it that we remain caught, if not stuck, within Elizabeth39。⑤religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful ，忽視上帝仁慈的一面。④Puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been 。s viewpoint, sharing her prejudices and misapprehensions. The learning curve, while undergone by both protagonists, is disclosed to us solely through Elizabeth39。s continued vitality. James wrote many valuable critical articles on other novelists。s bad influence and spending more time with her older sisters after they marry, is said to improve greatly in their superior society.[9]Pride and Prejudice, like most of Jane Austen39。 the tone is cold, restrained, ironic, varied only by some flashed of fooling when Swifts sense of the ridiculous gets the better of him.General descriptionThe plot of the book prises the extraordinary adventure of Doctor Lemuel Gulliver, description of fantastic lands visited by him, their socials systems, ways and customs of their inhabitantsHouhnhnmsHorse are the real people and human beings, Yahoos, are their filthy servant, has a savage power unequalled in English literature or any literatureLilliputiansGulliver is a giant among them, and with the giants among whom Gulliver is a pygmyThe Tale of a TubSatire on the various churches and religion of the dayThe Romantic PeriodBackgroundIndustrial Revolution and French Revolution had a strong influence in Britain literature. Fighting for “Liberty, Equality and Fraternity” also bees British national spirit.Edmund BurkeReflections on the Revolution in FranceAn antirevolutionary manifesto for all reactionaries in Europe. “He pitied the plumage and forgot the dying bird.” as Thomas Paine said.Thomas PaineThe Rights of ManPolitics is the business of the whole mass of mon people and not only of a governing oligarchy. People would not like a government that failed to secure people “l(fā)ife, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.”Age of WordsworthMarkRomanticism prevailed during the period of 17981832, beginning with the publication of Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads, ending with Walter Scott’s death.SpiritThe great literary impulse of the age is the impulse of Individualism in a wonderful varied of forms.WhyIts great men of genius were mostly eminent in the poetical field, distinction was more easily achieved in poetry than in prose, and the general taste was decidedly set in the poetic direction.PhenomenonFor poetry is the highest form of literary expression, and poetry seems to have been most in harmony with the noblest powers of the English genius.The young enthusiasts turned as naturally to poetry as a happy man to singing.LiteraturePoetryScott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelly, Keats, Moore, and SoutheyThe glory of the age is in the poetryProseScottattained a very wide readingNovelJane Austenslowly won for their authors a secure place in the history of English literatureEssayCharles LambDramaThe only great literary form that was not adequately representedDuring the nineteenth century, the drama seems to have been practically superseded by the novel as a medium for the portrayal of its plex forms of life and character.Lake Poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey.John KeatsIn 1817 he published a lit