【正文】 third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to the criterion of a clean and honest administration and rule the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party passes party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party mittee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party mittee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and missions, state ministries and missions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, code and Regulations revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party39。（4）配筋驗(yàn)算鋼筋間凈距，且大于鋼筋直徑25mm，滿足構(gòu)造規(guī)定。由，則1．已知某柱兩端為不動(dòng)鉸支座，柱高H=，截面尺寸為400mm400mm，采用C20混凝土、HRB335鋼筋，柱頂截面承受軸心壓力設(shè)計(jì)值N=1692kN，確定該柱所需的縱向鋼筋截面面積。2．已知矩形截面梁，已配縱向受拉鋼筋4根22mm 的HRB400級鋼筋，按下列條件計(jì)算此梁所能承受的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值。（2）減少摩擦損失的措施：對于較長的構(gòu)件可在兩端進(jìn)行張拉；采用超張拉工藝；在接觸材料表面涂水溶性潤滑劑，以減小摩擦系數(shù)；提高施工質(zhì)量，減小鋼筋的位置偏差。與普通混凝土相比，預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土的劣勢是：施工需要專門的材料和設(shè)備、特殊的工藝，造價(jià)較高。此類受扭構(gòu)件稱為超筋受扭構(gòu)件。3．簡述矩形截面大偏心受壓構(gòu)件正截面承載力計(jì)算公式的使用條件？答：矩形截面大偏心受壓構(gòu)件正截面承載力計(jì)算公式的適用條件如下：1）為了保證構(gòu)件破壞時(shí)受拉區(qū)鋼筋的應(yīng)力先達(dá)到屈服強(qiáng)度，要求滿足：2）為了保證構(gòu)件破壞時(shí)，受壓鋼筋應(yīng)力能達(dá)到抗壓屈服強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值，與雙筋受彎構(gòu)件相同，要求滿足：4．實(shí)際工程中，哪些受拉構(gòu)件可以按軸心受拉構(gòu)件計(jì)算，哪些受拉構(gòu)件可以按偏心受拉構(gòu)件計(jì)算？答：在鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)中，真正的軸心受拉構(gòu)件是罕見的。8．什么情況下采用雙筋截面梁？答：對于給定截面彎矩當(dāng)按單筋截面梁設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，若給定彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值過大，截面設(shè)計(jì)不能滿足適筋梁的適用條件（X≦0），且由于使用要求截面高度受到限制又不能增大，同時(shí)混凝土強(qiáng)度等級因條件限制不能再提高時(shí)，可采用雙筋截面。=ha式中a是指哪一段距離？答：是指受拉鋼筋合力點(diǎn)至梁受拉邊緣的距離?混凝土的變形模量有哪些表示方法?答:混凝土的變形一般有兩種:一種是受力受形。3．試分析素混凝土梁與鋼筋混凝土梁在承載力和受力性能方面的差異。（ ）后張法預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土構(gòu)件，預(yù)應(yīng)力是靠鋼筋與混凝土之間的粘結(jié)力來傳遞的。（ √ ）軸心受拉構(gòu)件破壞時(shí)，混凝土的拉裂與鋼筋的受拉屈服同時(shí)發(fā)生。（ √ ）鋼筋混凝土受彎構(gòu)件正截面承載力計(jì)算公式中考慮了受拉區(qū)混凝土的抗拉強(qiáng)度。軸心受壓構(gòu)件,配置縱筋的作用是:幫助混凝土承受壓力,減小構(gòu)件截面尺寸.軸心受壓構(gòu)件的穩(wěn)定系數(shù)主要與 長細(xì)比 有關(guān).計(jì)算偏心受壓構(gòu)件，當(dāng)ξ≤ξb 時(shí)，構(gòu)件確定屬于大偏心受壓構(gòu)件。受彎構(gòu)件抗裂度計(jì)算的依據(jù)是適筋梁正截面（第I階段末 ）的截面受力狀態(tài)?；炷翗O限拉應(yīng)變約為（ （～）103 ）。下列關(guān)于鋼筋混凝土超筋梁正截面極限承載力的說法正確的是: 鋼筋混凝土超筋梁正截面極限承載力與混凝土強(qiáng)度等級有關(guān). 下列關(guān)于鋼筋混凝土單筋梁Pmax值的說法正確的是: 混凝土等級低,同時(shí)鋼筋等級高,Pmax 小 下列幾項(xiàng)中說法錯(cuò)誤的是: 受壓構(gòu)件破壞時(shí),受壓鋼筋總是受壓屈服的 下列不屬于正常使用極限狀態(tài)的情況是: 雨篷傾倒目前,建筑結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中所使用的材料強(qiáng)度值是指:具有一定保證率的材料強(qiáng)度值.所謂安全性，是結(jié)構(gòu)在規(guī)定的使用期限內(nèi)，能夠承受正常施工，正常使用時(shí)可能出現(xiàn)的各種荷載，變形等的作用。鋼筋HPB23HRB33HRB400和RRB400屈服時(shí)，其應(yīng)變約為（～）103 。在設(shè)計(jì)雙筋梁\大偏壓和大偏拉構(gòu)件時(shí),要求X≥2a′的條件是為了: 保證受壓鋼筋在構(gòu)件破壞時(shí)能達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)屈服強(qiáng)度fy′　在軸心受拉構(gòu)件砼即將開裂的瞬間,鋼筋應(yīng)力大致為: 30N/MM2對無明顯屈服點(diǎn)的鋼筋,混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范取用的條件屈服強(qiáng)度為: 對于適筋梁,受拉鋼筋則屈服時(shí),受壓邊緣混凝土小于εeu對矩形、T形和工字形截面的一般受彎構(gòu)件，截面高度大于300MM，當(dāng)滿足V≤ f bho時(shí),僅按構(gòu)造配箍.對于鋼筋混凝土受彎構(gòu)件,提高混凝土等級與提高鋼筋等級相比,對承載能力的影響為:提高鋼筋等級效果大.對鋼筋進(jìn)行冷加工的目的是：提高屈服強(qiáng)度對先張法和后張法的預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土構(gòu)件,如果采用相同的張拉控制應(yīng)力,則先張法所建立的鋼筋有效預(yù)應(yīng)力比后張法小.按第一類T形截面梁進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，其判別式應(yīng)為：M≤a1feb1′h1′（′）單筋矩形梁正截面承載力計(jì)算基本公式的適用條件是：ξ≤ξb和AS≥AS，min雙筋矩形截面梁正截面承載力計(jì)算基本公式的第二個(gè)適用條件的物理意義是（保證受壓鋼筋屈服 ）。（ √ ）混凝土雙向受壓時(shí)強(qiáng)度比其單向受壓時(shí)強(qiáng)度降低.( )混凝土強(qiáng)度等級的選用須注意與鋼筋強(qiáng)度的匹配，當(dāng)采用HRB33HRB400鋼筋時(shí)，為了保證必要的粘結(jié)力，混凝土強(qiáng)度等級不應(yīng)低于C25；當(dāng)采用新HRB400鋼筋時(shí)，混凝土強(qiáng)度等級不應(yīng)低于C30。（ √ ）只存在結(jié)構(gòu)承載能力的極限狀態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)的正常使用不存在極限狀態(tài)。（√ ）對單筋矩形梁進(jìn)行截面設(shè)計(jì)，出現(xiàn)ξ＞ξb情況，若不考慮采用雙筋梁，則需加大截面尺寸或提高混凝土強(qiáng)度等級。（ √ ）我國《混凝土規(guī)范》規(guī)定：鋼筋混凝土構(gòu)件的混凝土強(qiáng)度等級不應(yīng)低于C10。結(jié)構(gòu)上的作用又分為直接作用和間接作用。4．根據(jù)配筋率不同，簡述鋼筋混凝土梁(受彎破壞)的三種破壞形式及其破壞特點(diǎn)? 答：1）適筋破壞；適筋梁的破壞特點(diǎn)是：受拉鋼筋首先達(dá)到屈服強(qiáng)度，經(jīng)過一定的塑性變形，受壓區(qū)混凝土被壓碎，屬延性破壞。12．受壓構(gòu)件的一般構(gòu)造要求包括哪幾項(xiàng)?答:截面形式及尺寸,材料強(qiáng)度要求,縱筋和箍筋.13．作用在結(jié)構(gòu)上的荷載，按作用時(shí)間的長短和性質(zhì)分類，可分為哪三類？答：永久荷載、可變荷載和偶然荷載。7．鋼筋混凝土純扭構(gòu)件有哪幾種破壞形式？各有何特點(diǎn)？答：受扭構(gòu)件的破壞形態(tài)與受扭縱筋和受扭箍筋配筋率的大小有關(guān)，大致可分為適筋破壞、部分超筋破壞、完全超筋破壞和少筋破壞四類。箍筋應(yīng)做成封閉式，且應(yīng)沿截面周邊布置；當(dāng)采用復(fù)合箍筋時(shí)，位于截面內(nèi)部的箍筋不應(yīng)計(jì)入受扭所需的箍筋面積；受扭所需箍筋的末端應(yīng)做成135186。因?yàn)閺?qiáng)度高的混凝土對采用先張法的構(gòu)件可提高鋼筋與混凝土之間的粘結(jié)力，對采用后張法的構(gòu)件，可提高錨固端的局部承壓承載力。該狀況僅作承載力極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)。（3）驗(yàn)算是否需要計(jì)算配置箍筋 故需進(jìn)行計(jì)算配置箍筋。選用416（）能夠滿足要求。s leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the code and rule , reflects the party39。s several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the three discipline and eight points for attention statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the disc