【正文】 ——S 4A 3 S 5 A 1 (Org．Analysis)：This is based on the premise that a sense of work acplishment is derived from group nfitment which is developed by member interdependence based on a mon organizational purpose that leads to trust and respect．Techniques forteambased management refer broadly to a wide variety of techniques that enhance team performance．Examples include participatory decision making，self—managed teams，etc． ——S 4A 3 S 5 A 1●信息工程(Information Engineering) 由James Martin(1990)提出的系統(tǒng)化集成的業(yè)務(wù)模型，用于建構(gòu)組織信息系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定架構(gòu)。(Org. Analysis)：A technique to integrate work content，ualifications and rewards foreach job in a way that achieves an effective fit between people，technology and process．New opportunities for job design such as empowering employees with more decision making responsibilities are typically associated with process reengineering. ——S 4A 1 S 4A 3●社會(huì)技術(shù)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)(SocioTech System Design) 這種技術(shù)強(qiáng)調(diào)參與、學(xué)習(xí)、授權(quán)的人文主義原則，將組織看成是由掌握工具、技術(shù)和知識(shí)的人(社會(huì)系統(tǒng))所構(gòu)成的系統(tǒng)，提供產(chǎn)品和月良務(wù)。(了解顧客的需求) (Custonler Requirements)：Consists of customers of a businesses process and is formed to collect information on expected and actual process performance．一一S 2A 4 S 6A 1●結(jié)構(gòu)化會(huì)談技術(shù)(Structured Interview) 這種會(huì)談技巧被用于提問人的問題和題目順序已經(jīng)預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備好的情況中。 (Creative Thinking)：A structured process for reaching group consensus through anonynlous idea generation by individual group members，followed by discussion and voting (Couger et al.,1993)．——S 1 A 2 S 4 A 1●價(jià)值鏈分析(ValueChain Analysis) Porter和Millar(1985)提出，價(jià)值鏈分析即對(duì)每個(gè)活動(dòng)進(jìn)行分析，考慮是否是增值活動(dòng)(客戶愿意付錢的活動(dòng))。 (Prototype amp。表示兩者之間的聯(lián)系，分為強(qiáng)相關(guān)、相關(guān)、相關(guān)性不大和負(fù)相關(guān)。 (Creatlve Thinking)：A creativity technique proposed by Michael Hammer that advocates the rethinking of the nornl of business operation at the outset．It challenges the designers to set stretch goals for the process and reexaminebasic assumptions underlying current operations(Hammer amp。 通過‘‘燃燒的橋”、平行處理或者其他的方法將現(xiàn)有的系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)化為新的系統(tǒng)。s strengths and weaknesses，leading to a fornmlation of the pany39。 Sim.)：A colored version of the traditional Petri—Net systems nlodels，wellsuited for portraying，simulating and analyzing large systems and processes．——S 3 A 1 S 3 A 2 S 4A 1 S 4A 2● 快速全員參與變化法Fast Cycle Full Participation Change Methods 快速全員參與變化法不同于傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)組的構(gòu)成，它不是依靠有限的組員的參與，而是通過研討會(huì)和社會(huì)技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)(socio—echnicalsystemsdesign)相結(jié)合的方法，使得與設(shè)計(jì)的流程相關(guān)的所有人員都參與到設(shè)計(jì)工作中來。 IDEFl4：網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)(network design)陳禹六編《IDEF建模分析和設(shè)計(jì)方法》清華大學(xué)出版社出版 IDEF0功能模型局部圖例：IDEF0，3，6美國(guó)空軍在計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造項(xiàng)目中運(yùn)用的系統(tǒng)分析和設(shè)計(jì)方法。IDEFlX：數(shù)據(jù)模型(data modeeling)，描述系統(tǒng)信息及聯(lián)系，構(gòu)造信息模型，據(jù)此進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)。常用在決策的早期階段，以解決組織中的新問題或重大問題。審計(jì)前提假設(shè)暴露法頭腦風(fēng)暴法DED崗位設(shè)計(jì)，作用因子分析基于活動(dòng)的成本分析關(guān)鍵成功因子法關(guān)鍵成功因子法前提假設(shè)暴露法競(jìng)爭(zhēng)分析意義重釋法DFD因果圖IDEF2IDEFO，2，3計(jì)算機(jī)輔助軟件工程團(tuán)隊(duì)建立技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)過程控制 選擇一個(gè)舒適的地點(diǎn) 選擇的地點(diǎn)應(yīng)該具備下列條件： (1) 一間溫度適宜、安靜、光線柔和的辦公室或會(huì)議室； (2) 嚴(yán)禁電話或來人干擾； (3) 有一架性能良好的錄音機(jī)； (4) 有一塊白板或白紙夾板，以及相應(yīng)的書寫工具。IDEF4：面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì)(objectoriented design) Model)：A systems analysis and design methodology established by Force as a result of its Integrated Computer and Manufacturing (ICAM) program．IDEF 0 is an activity model ingmodule for capturing functional requirements (identify what I need to do)．IDEF 3 incorporates the time dimension to capture the behavior of objects in the enterprise through state transition diagrams．IDEF 6 captures meta designs，., the knowledge and thinking that went into framing the other IDEF modules．(Mayer et al., 1995)——S 3A 1 S 3A 2S 4A 1 S 4A 2 (This technique determines how a process and its subprocesses consume resources by identifying cost drivers to activities)● 聯(lián)姻圖(Affinity Diagramming) 將運(yùn)用頭腦風(fēng)暴法形成的意見進(jìn)行分類與歸集，運(yùn)用圖表的方式表示出各分類組內(nèi)部與相互之間的關(guān)系。高級(jí)CASE工具用來繪制企業(yè)模型以及規(guī)定應(yīng)用要求，低級(jí)CASE工具用來生成實(shí)際的程序代碼。 (Prob．Solving)：A graphical tool using diagram in the shape of a fishbone for analyzing causeeffcct relationships in problem diagnosis．Also termed Ishikawat or rootcause diagrams．——S 3 A 2 S 6 A 1 魚骨分析又稱特征因素圖或因果圖分析法。 品質(zhì)屋的結(jié)構(gòu)：l、客戶需求：顧客需求驅(qū)動(dòng)整個(gè)QFD過程。 品質(zhì)功能部署這種方法是將顧客需求和流程特性充分聯(lián)系的一種方法。 critical success．A cell is marked with (the process is essential to the CSF) or D (the process is desirable) (Kettinger，Teng and Guha，1996).一一S 1 A 4● 研討會(huì)(Search Confcrence) 研討會(huì)將所有的相關(guān)人員(持股者)集中在一起，參與討論流程改變的必要性以及進(jìn)行流程改變的方 法許多流程相關(guān)的層次和功能如客戶、合伙人、供應(yīng)商等都被相應(yīng)的進(jìn)行描述。s value activities．These can be classified as primary activities (inbound logistrics，operation，marketing，etc.) and support activities (human resource，technology management，etc.).——S 1A 2●價(jià)值分析(Value Analysis) 有一種理論認(rèn)為，不同的白領(lǐng)工作者所做的工作會(huì)給整個(gè)組織帶來不同的價(jià)值。——S 3A1S 3A 2S 6 A 1 (Measurement)：A technique of establishing an allowed time standard to perform a given task based upon measurement of work content of the prescribed method，with due allowance for fatigue and unavoidable delays．Motion study is used to analyze the various body motions employed in doing a job for the purpose of eliminating ineffective movements and speeding effective movements．——S 3 A 1 S 3 A 2S 6A 1●語言交互建模(Speech Interaction Modeling) 由?。甒inograd和F．Flores(1986)建立的一門利用語言動(dòng)作的暗示，建構(gòu)組織工作流程的方法。這通過種技術(shù)在最初對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)情況進(jìn)行細(xì)詳盡描述和細(xì)節(jié)說明時(shí)，需要用戶高度的參與。S 4A 4 (IS SAD)：A technique for salvaging old legacy systems through reverse engineering to recover processing logic and data structure in exisdng systems．This is followed by forward engineering where new，systems can be quickly generated with DBMS and CASE tools．——S 4 A 4●數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)(Database Design) 在實(shí)體、屬性、關(guān)系、存取方式等方面詳細(xì)說明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的邏輯和物理結(jié)構(gòu)的方法。工作流設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)就是理／頂人、流程、信息、任務(wù)、管理之間的關(guān)系。For business processes，implementation conlmitments are the basis for munications in stomersupplier relationships． Examples Ofspeech—acts includerequest，offer，agreement，withdraw，counteroger，report Completion，etc．——S 3A 1 S 4A 3 S 4A 1 S 4A 4● 員工小組態(tài)度觀念評(píng)估(Employee and Team Attitude Opinion Assessment) 通過心理測(cè)試工具對(duì)工作滿意度、組織約束程度、員工對(duì)于流程重組后的新設(shè)計(jì)的工作的態(tài)度進(jìn)行評(píng) 估。——SlA4 (Bus．Planning)：A technique for organizing the goal for a decision into a hierarchy of subgo