【正文】 注意：表示同某人結(jié)婚，用 marry sb. 或 get married to 。 4） 帶同源賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞如 die/death, dream/dream， live/life 等，以及反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. 那護(hù)士讓我去探望住院的同學(xué)。例如： 1) Some new puters were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚 被盜了。現(xiàn)以 teach 為例說(shuō)明 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，故選 B. 此處用一般過(guò)去式代替了過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. read； was fallingB. was reading； fellC. was reading； was fallingD. read； fell 答案 as = when, while，意為 當(dāng) …… 之時(shí) 。 b. 動(dòng)作完成：表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)或另一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或一獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 He slept until ten o39。 注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。） Who hasn39。這主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。t C. don39。 It is time you went to 。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。 a. 主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事。常用詞為 e, go, start, arrive, leave, stay 等。 ) I have finished my homework now. Will somebody go and get Dr. White? He39。 I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。 那時(shí)以前那時(shí)現(xiàn)在 2） 用法 told, said, knew, heard, thought 等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。 The leaves are turning red. It39。 She39。 The newspaper says that it39。其區(qū)分辦法如下： 1 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或句中有介詞 by 引導(dǎo)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，該句一般為 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ，否則為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 記憶歌訣：誰(shuí)做的動(dòng)作不知道，說(shuō)出誰(shuí)做的沒(méi)有必要；動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)， 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 運(yùn)用到。例如： It is said that… 據(jù)說(shuō) It is reported that… 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is believed that… 大家相信 It is hoped that… 大家希望 It is well known that… 眾所周知 It is thought that… 大家認(rèn)為 It is suggested that… 據(jù)建議 It is taken granted that… 被視為當(dāng)然 It has been decided that… 大家決定 It must be remember that… 務(wù)必記住的是 不用 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 的情況 1） 不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，如 appear, die disappear, end（ vi. 結(jié)束） , fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, e true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place 等沒(méi)有無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 This knife cuts easily. 這刀子很好用。 典型例題 The library needs___, but it\39。 This book is worth reading. 這本書(shū)值得一讀。 2） 不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，如 fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 等。 He was seen to play football on the playground. 2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。 (系表結(jié)構(gòu) )The door has already/just been locked.門(mén)已經(jīng) /剛剛被鎖 上。 2) 漸變動(dòng)詞，如： get, run, grow, bee, begin 及 die。 had not succeeded B. would not give。t found. 答案 D. 前句是一個(gè)仍在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)，由于沒(méi)有找到，其影響仍然存在，應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定式時(shí)可用于完成時(shí)。因此 前一句應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 (表結(jié)果 ) I39。ve heard him 。 2）過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 be going to/will 用于條件句時(shí)， be going to 表將來(lái) will 表意愿 If you are going to make a journey, you39。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情態(tài) 動(dòng)詞 could, would. Could you lend me your bike? used to/be used to 2 used to + do： 過(guò)去常常 表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。再如： Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的 now 是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比較： Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明的示范性動(dòng)作，表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作。 1）動(dòng)詞 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意： be about to 不能與 tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將 來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 比較過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完 成時(shí) 1）過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。 This is the first time (that) I39。 He has pleted the 。句中 when 表示的是時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)，表示在 同學(xué)們正忙于 …… 這一背景下， when 所引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。t foundD. is missing, haven39。 典型例題 (1） He said he________me a present unless I_______ in doing the experiment. A. had not given。 Are you staying with us this weekend? 這周和我們一起度周末嗎 ? We are leaving 。 (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) )The door is 。 I was made to go out of the classroom （ by the teacher） . We saw him play football on the playground. 我們看見(jiàn)他在草場(chǎng)踢球。解決這一問(wèn)題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中多留意積累。例如： The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 門(mén)該修了 。ll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 答案 A. need （實(shí)意 ） +n /to do， need （情態(tài)） + do，當(dāng)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，還可 need + doing. 本題考最后一種用法，選 A。 2） blame, let（出租） , remain, keep,