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語法復(fù)習(xí)四:定語從句16開(專業(yè)版)

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【正文】 . He made a long speech, as we expected. He made a long speech, which was unexpected. ②當(dāng)非限制定語從句為否定時(shí),常用 which引導(dǎo)。 . Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.( who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,整個(gè)句子可分成兩句來翻譯) (三)使用定語 從句時(shí)特別注意的幾個(gè)問題 that 與 which 的區(qū)別。 Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他認(rèn)識的唯一的外國人。 . October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded. 5. 當(dāng)定語從句中謂語動詞是帶介詞或副詞的固定 短語動詞時(shí),短語動詞的各個(gè)固定部分不要拆開。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我們車間使用的這種機(jī)器是中國制造的。 21 語法復(fù)習(xí)四:定語從句 (一)定語從句一般由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo) 關(guān)系代詞: who, whom, whose, which, that, as 關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞必須位于從句之首,主句先行詞之后,起著連接先行詞和從句的作用, 同時(shí)在從句中又充當(dāng)句子成分。 . I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一樣的襯衫。 . The sick man whom she is looking after is her father. 6. 介詞在關(guān)系代詞前,只能用 which 和 whom,且不能省略;介詞在句尾,關(guān)系代詞可有 which, that, whom, 口語中也可用 who,且可省略。 2)用 which而不用 that的情況:①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句;②代表整個(gè)主句的意思;③介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞。形式上用逗號隔開,不能 that用引導(dǎo)。 3) as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)與 which的區(qū)別 ①當(dāng)主句和從句語義一致時(shí),用 as;反之,用 which來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 . Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all. 2. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí),從句的謂語動詞單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)由先行詞決定。 1)用 that而不用 which的情況:①先行詞為不定代詞 all, anything, nothing, … ;②先行詞有最高級修飾,有序數(shù)詞修飾;③先行詞有 only, very, any等詞修飾;④先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 這部電影是我看過的最好的一部。 . There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand. 4. 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有時(shí)可以用“介詞 + which”來代替。 ② as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用來修飾整個(gè)句子。 . She is the girl who sings best of all.(關(guān)系代詞 who在從句中作主語) The rade with whom I came knows French.( whom在從句中作介詞 with的賓語) 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法: 1)當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí)用 who 作主語, whom作賓語; 2)當(dāng)先行詞為物或整個(gè)句子時(shí)用 which ,可作主語或賓語; 3)先行詞為人、物時(shí)用 that ,可作主語或賓語; 4) whose 用作定語,可指人或物; 5)關(guān)系副詞 when(指時(shí)間,在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語, where(指地點(diǎn),在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語), why(指原因,在定語從句中作原因狀語)。 3) as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)的用法 ① as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句通常用于 the same … as, such … as 結(jié)構(gòu)中。 . The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has e to school. 練習(xí)、定語從句 一、把下列每對句子合 并成含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句: 1. The fan is on the desk. You want it. 2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday. 3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away. 4. The students will not pass the exam . The
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