【正文】 SECTOR ACCESS TO FINANCE: AN OVERVIEW Roman Angela “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Through their contribution to the creation of added value and new jobs, the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have a significant role in the economic and social development of a country. However, these enterprises are facing numerous obstacles that limit their performance, growth and development. Among the difficulties faced by SMEs, the access to finance is often reported as a major obstacle to the deployment and expansion of their activity. The paper aims to highlight the difficulties faced by SMEs in securing financing resources, emphasizing the differences between countries and also between SMEs and large enterprises. Knowing the difficulties in SMEs financing is essential for policy makers in order to design and implement appropriate measures, which will help to improve the access to financing for these enterprises. Thus, another issue addressed, synthetically, in this paper aims the measures taken by public authorities in order to support the access to financing for SMEs. Key words: Small and Medium Enterprises, access to finance, financing constraints, bank financing, support measures JEL code classification: G30, G32, O16 1. Introduction In all countries, small and medium enterprises are a significant source of economic growth and jobs creation. Furthermore, these enterprises, through their dynamism and flexibility, are an engine of innovation and growth. Based on these considerations, it is easy to understand the crucial importance that the easy access to funding has, taking into account that it can support the creation of new businesses, the innovation process as well as the growth and the development of the existing businesses, which in turn boost the economic growth of a country. The paper is structured as follows: the first part contains the introduction remarks regarding theimportance and relevance of the approached theme。 企業(yè)能夠輕松的獲得資金顯得尤為重要，特別是在中小企業(yè)。 正如我們提到的，使用金融產(chǎn)品是由供給和需求決定的。 不同的金融產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)是由供給和需求決定的，訪問旨在提供金融產(chǎn)品或提供金融服務(wù)。無數(shù)的調(diào)查研究指出 ,融資渠道是 企業(yè)的成長(zhǎng)與發(fā)展過程中的一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的阻礙，特別是在中小企業(yè)。 中小企業(yè)融資來源 ：概述 摘要： 本文通過中小企業(yè)在創(chuàng)造附加值和新的就業(yè)崗位中的貢獻(xiàn) ,使它在國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展中擁有一個(gè)顯著的角色。 通過貝克、迪蒙瑞格 克魯特、伊萬和馬卡斯莫維奇 (2020)調(diào)查研究，反映了來自 80個(gè)國(guó)家的 10000家企業(yè)的根本因素主要取決于企業(yè)的融資。在企業(yè)內(nèi)不使用的金融產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)可以分為幾類 ,其識(shí)別是必要的 ,以便采取必要的措施來改善他們的融資渠道。因此，重要的是了解為什么中小企業(yè)只在很小程度上使用銀行融資。尤其是在當(dāng)前金融危機(jī)的背景下，重點(diǎn)是大約三分之二的歐盟企業(yè)的支持措施通過了歐洲委員會(huì) ,開始了歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)計(jì)劃旨在促進(jìn)融資（歐洲委員會(huì) 2020 :79）。 the second part is dedicated to a literature review which summarises the main researches undertaken so far on this theme。 斯科特 ” 雅西大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與工商管理系 ） ② 名稱： Oradea university:Economic science, in 2020 a spool of Issue 1（奧拉迪亞大學(xué)：經(jīng)濟(jì) 科學(xué)， 2020年第一卷第一期） ③ 頁碼： 22，； 431437 SMES39。 )。然而，調(diào)查顯示，中小企業(yè)與大企業(yè)相比使用的是很小程度的銀行融資中的新投 資。因此，在提高這種接入手段意味著增加的程度，金融產(chǎn)品或金融服務(wù)以一個(gè)公平的價(jià)格提供給每個(gè)人。 2． 關(guān)于中小企業(yè)的融資渠道的文獻(xiàn) 關(guān)于中小企業(yè)的融資渠道的一個(gè)熱門的學(xué)術(shù)文獻(xiàn) ,見證了大量解決這樣的問題的研究。然而，這些企業(yè)面臨著許多障礙，限制他們的表現(xiàn)、增長(zhǎng)和發(fā)展。因此，研究突出企業(yè)融資和其特點(diǎn)之間的關(guān)系，如年齡、規(guī)模和產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，一方面企業(yè)獲得融資，一般的金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，但不要使用他們，因?yàn)樗麄儧]有可行的投資項(xiàng) 目。在這方面，一些研究（班納吉和迪弗洛： 2020）已經(jīng)表明，主要原因與供給有關(guān)，因?yàn)槊看萎?dāng)中小企業(yè)能夠獲得貸款，他們就用它來增加生產(chǎn)。 改善中小企業(yè)融資問題仍然值得關(guān)注，也是國(guó)家、歐洲和國(guó)際當(dāng)前面臨的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。 the third part highlights the major difficulties in SMEs financing, and the fourth part of the paper reflects, mainly, the difficulties reported by the entrepreneurs in dealing with banks and the measures that need to be taken in order to improve the access to financing for these enterprises. The study ends with conclusions. The research methodology used in this paper starts with a literature review in order to highlight the importance of the subject addressed in our research. The analysis conducted in this paper is based on data and statistics provided mainly by the World Bank surveys, by certain empirical studies and by the National Council of Small and Medium Sized Private Enterprises in Romania. Based on the methodology used, the paper indicates the difficulties in SMEs financing and the crucial importance of enhancing the public authorities concerns regarding their alleviation, especially by adopting measures focused on increasing financial development. The limited availability and even lack of statistical data regarding the SMEs financing situation from various countries, including Romania, impose certain limits to the researches in the field, which can be overe as policy makers realize the vital importance of developing and monitoring specific indicators regarding the financing of this type of enterprises. 2. Literature review regarding the access to finance for SMEs The access to finance for SMEs represents a topic of great