【正文】 中國一直積極參與國際和 區(qū)域組織和他們的活動(dòng)，如常設(shè)委員會(huì)，全球空間數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施， ISO/TC211 和 ISCGM，并在這些組織中發(fā)揮了重要的角色。 科學(xué)成果轉(zhuǎn)化和產(chǎn)業(yè)化，一些國產(chǎn)的硬件和軟件被廣泛應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)。 水文圖表中使用的設(shè)備包括測深儀，側(cè)掃聲納，海洋重力，磁力，深度自動(dòng)探測系統(tǒng)，和一個(gè)萬噸級的綜合調(diào)查船。 一些電子地圖集已經(jīng)在市場，如中國的通用圖集，北京電子地圖等。 國家 1:5 萬數(shù)據(jù)庫的建設(shè)將在未來幾年的國家測繪局的主要任務(wù)。 三、 大地控制網(wǎng) 成立于 20 世紀(jì) 80 年代中期， 1985 年，中國高度系統(tǒng)。 據(jù) 1998 年統(tǒng)計(jì)，有超過 5700 的測繪單位，在中國，這是測繪工作的合法資格，包括 400 級單位， 1000 乙級單位， 2100 C 級單位， D 級和 2200 單位。 測繪資格的核查和管理程序 測繪組織，依法審查和批準(zhǔn)甲級測繪機(jī)構(gòu)，測繪活動(dòng)的登記管理，審查和批準(zhǔn)的海外測繪成果的供應(yīng)，測量和測繪外商在中國進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)資歷組織或個(gè)人，調(diào)查和起訴測繪和負(fù)責(zé)有關(guān)法律程序復(fù)議國家一級或嚴(yán)重的違法案件。 drafting standard sample maps defining the international boundaries of the People’s Republic of China in cooperation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs。 不少重要 的項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)完成，如中國的 GPS 定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模數(shù)據(jù)庫，1:25 萬，在未來幾年，在中國的主要任務(wù)是： 1:50,000 大型數(shù)據(jù)庫的建立，網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)國家基礎(chǔ)地理信息系統(tǒng)。 監(jiān)督和管理，國家測繪預(yù)算和其他專項(xiàng)資金。 國家測繪局發(fā)出的重要地理數(shù)據(jù)的高度重 視，制定了有關(guān)規(guī)定和國家基礎(chǔ)地理信息應(yīng)用的決定，并授權(quán)國家基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)的應(yīng)用 SY干。 2020 年和數(shù)據(jù)處理將在 2020 年年底，將完成野外工作。 該項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是建立地理信息獲取，處理，存儲(chǔ)，管理，分配和應(yīng)用的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。 國家測繪局于 1985年，開始在中國重新建立地籍主要集中在城市地區(qū)，在 1:500， 1:1,000和 1:2,000 規(guī)模。 該項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是建立一個(gè)區(qū)域的觀測網(wǎng)絡(luò)的實(shí)時(shí)和動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)和中國的變化。 國家 測繪局已經(jīng)位于其國家 全球定位系統(tǒng) 工程 中央和國家空間數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 訓(xùn)練 在大學(xué)中心。 中國測繪部門高度重視國際合作與交流，并愿意發(fā)展合作關(guān)系，并與全世界的國家，特別是亞洲和太平洋地區(qū)，開展各種交流項(xiàng)目，以進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)勘察和測繪在中國的發(fā)展，并在亞洲和太平洋地區(qū)和世界的測量和測繪的發(fā)展做出更多的貢獻(xiàn)。 在大學(xué)里，有 7 個(gè)學(xué)院和 1 個(gè)成人教育學(xué)院， 20 個(gè)本科學(xué)位課程， 17 個(gè)碩士研究生課程， 8 個(gè)醫(yī)生研究生課程和 1 個(gè)博士后科研工作站，并與目前的 7200 名學(xué)生。 研究和發(fā)展的主要目標(biāo)是國家測繪發(fā)展提供技術(shù)支持，設(shè)立國家或區(qū)域發(fā)展的范例項(xiàng)目，研究和解決的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題，加快轉(zhuǎn)移 投入生產(chǎn)的科學(xué)成果。 中國歷史地圖集將很快公布 。 一個(gè)國家的數(shù)字化測繪生產(chǎn)體系已經(jīng)形成了“ 3S”技術(shù)（全球定位系統(tǒng)（ GPS），遙感和地理信息系統(tǒng)）的支持下，與“ 4D”產(chǎn)品（ DEM， DRG， DOM 和 DLG）。 1985 國家重力網(wǎng)（ NGN1985）已使用超過十年了多年。 國家測繪局已經(jīng)制訂并公布了 20 項(xiàng)決定和方法，如對測繪市場管理暫行辦法，測繪資格的決定。 制訂計(jì)劃，地籍測繪，管理，地籍測量和資格的核查，核證的地籍測繪成果和技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。s Congress. In the past years, the State Council of China has promulgated a few regulations concerned with surveying and mapping such as the Regulations on Management of Surveying and Mapping Results, the Regulations on Map Compilation and Publication, the Regulations on the Protection of Surveying Markers. The Regulations on Management of Surveying and Mapping Market is now under appraisal in the State Council. The State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping has worked out and published over 20 decisions and methods, such as the Provisional Methods on Surveying and Mapping Market Management, the Decisions on Surveying and Mapping Qualification. In provinces and autonomous regions, over 30 regulations on Surveying and Mapping Management and more than 40 rules have been issued. SBSM paid great attention to the issuing of the important geographic data, worked out the Decisions on Provisions and Applications of National 5 Fundamental Geographic Information, and licensed system for application of national fundamental geographic data. In order to promote the applications of geographic data and establish datasharing mechanism, SBSM offered free of charge a group of geographic data to 14 central government departments and over 10 provincial governments. The National Committee on Geographic Information has been established in Chinese Government, with the chairman from the State Commission of Development Planning, and SBSM representative as one of the vice chairmen. SBSM has set up the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Geographic Information with many ministries and state bureaus involved. Since 1997, the basic surveying and mapping became one of the important independent part in the National Economy and Social Development Annul Plan. Same in the provinces and autonomous regions, the mapping became an independent part of the annual development plan. SBSM and the Ministry of Finance have jointly worked out and published the Financial Rule for Mapping Units and the Financial Quotas for Mapping Production. III. GEODETIC NETWORK The 1985 height system of China was established in the middle of 1980s. Since 1991, SBSM, jointly with other agencies in China, have made the remeasurement of the firstorder leveling, with 241 leveling lines and 77 closing lops, and field results of 93,000 km. The data processing was pleted in 1999. The vertical datum in China is in Qingdao City, Shandong Province. 6 Through 7 years efforts, a national GPS work of China was established in 1998, including Aorder work and Border work. The Aorder work consists of 33 stations, and the Border work consists of 818 points. The first national gravity work of China was established in 1957. The 1985 National Gravity Network (NGN1985) has been in use for over a decade of years. Since 1999, SBSM together with other agencies, started to establish the 2020 National Gravity Network (NGN 2020), which consists of 18 original stations and 119 basic points. The field work will be pleted by the end of 2020 and data processing will be done in 2020. IV. FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTION After the establishment of 1:1m national database in 199039。 guiding and supervising the management of various surveying and mapping results and the protection of surveying markers nationwide. 3 4. Formulating plans and technical standards for cadastral surveying and mapping, administering the verification of cadastral surveying and qualifications, and certifying cadastral surveying and mapping results. 5. According to law, administering the pilation of maps, examining maps to be published or presented to the public, administering the presentation of geographic names on maps. 6. Supervising and managing the national surveying and mapping budget and other earmarked