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微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)試題(更新版)

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【正文】 ittle effect on market equilibrium quantity but will affect market equilibrium )affect marginal revenue and average revenue but not )adversely affect the profitability of more than one firm in the the price of milk rises, when is the price elasticity of demand likely to be the lowest?()A)immediately after the price increase B)one month after the price increase C)three months after the price increase D)one year after the price increase good X has a negative ine elasticity of implies that good X is().A)a normal )a )an inferior )a fully understand how taxes affect economic wellbeing, we must pare the().A)benefit to buyers with the loss to )price paid by buyers to the price received by )profits earned by firms to the losses incurred by )decrease in total surplus to the increase in revenue raised by the tax placed on a good().A)causes the effective price to sellers to )affects the welfare of buyers of the good but not the welfare of )causes the equilibrium quantity of the good to )creates a burden that is usually borne entirely by the sellers of the increase in the size of a tax is most likely to increase tax revenue in a market with().A)elastic demand and elastic )elastic demand and inelastic )inelastic demand and elastic )inelastic demand and inelastic the tax on a good is tripled, the deadweight loss of the tax().A)remains ))increases by a factor of )increases by a factor of normally assume that the goal of a firm is to().A)maximize its total )maximize its )minimize its explicit )minimize its total Tanya sells 200 glasses of fruit punch at $ each, her total revenues are().A)$)$)$)$ is defined as().A)net revenue minus )total revenue minus total )average revenue minus average total )marginal revenue minus marginal difference between explicit and implicit costs is that().A)explicit costs must be greater than implicit )explicit costs do not require a direct monetary outlay by the firm, whereas implicit costs )implicit costs do not require a direct monetary outlay by the firm, whereas explicit costs )implicit costs must be greater than explicit 第二篇:微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)試題一、名詞解釋:(每題3分,共15分)(價格)彈性在其他條件不變的情況下,某種商品或勞務(wù)價格變動因其本身需求量的變動程度。buyers bear the full burden of the tax if the tax is levied on decrease in the size of a tax is most likely to increase tax revenue in a market with().A)elastic demand and elastic )elastic demand and inelastic )inelastic demand and elastic )inelastic demand and inelastic the tax on a good is doubled, the deadweight loss of the tax().A)increases by 50 ))) assume that the typical person who starts her own business does so with the intention of().A)donating the profits from her business to )capturing the highest number of sales in her )maximizing )minimizing Darren sells 300 glasses of iced tea at $ each, his total revenues are().A)$)$)$)$ cost is the().A)amount a firm receives for the sale of its )fixed cost less variable )market value of the inputs a firm uses in )quantity of output minus the quantity of inputs used to make a firm39。  (C)。三、判斷題:(每題1分,共10分。T ,這意味著這時增加1個單位X所增加的產(chǎn)量,等于減少3個單位Y所減少的產(chǎn)量。慈善行為。)==9,Px=2,Py=3,求:(1)X、Y的均衡消費(fèi)量;(2)效用等于9時的最小支出。,均衡價格下降 ,實(shí)現(xiàn)“薄利多銷”的產(chǎn)品一般是() ,當(dāng)羊肉價格升高時,會令羊肉(),需求曲線左移,需求曲線右移 ,需求曲線不變,需求曲線不變 ,廠商現(xiàn)期商品供給數(shù)量下降,這可能因?yàn)?),導(dǎo)致供給減少=0時,Edp=2,Esp=2,Qs=100,Qd=50,則為使供求均衡,價格應(yīng)為 () ,則當(dāng)其價格上升時,其他條件不變,該商品(),因收入效果絕對值大于替代效果絕對值 ,因收入效果絕對值小于替代效果絕對值 ,因收入效果絕對值大于替代效果絕對值 ,因收入效果絕對值小于替代效果絕對值 ,他的勞動(),且具勞動與企業(yè)才能雙重要素性質(zhì),因?yàn)橐袚?dān)風(fēng)險 ,因?yàn)闆]有付報酬,不是經(jīng)濟(jì)資源,因?yàn)槭亲杂械?,企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的增加不可能依賴某一要素的無限追加達(dá)到,因?yàn)?,會導(dǎo)致要素價格上升,成本急劇增加,會出現(xiàn)內(nèi)在不經(jīng)濟(jì) (),則L對K的邊際技術(shù)替代率為(),每年學(xué)費(fèi)3千元,此人攻讀碩士學(xué)位的機(jī)會成本為() () ,當(dāng)規(guī)模報酬遞減時,一般對應(yīng)于() ,短期平均成本等于長期平均成本,但短期平均成本尚未達(dá)最低,若要以長期最優(yōu)方式生產(chǎn)該產(chǎn)量,則() ,因?yàn)?),總收入會減少 ,但并不能增加利潤 ,該墻紙與市場上另一廠商生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品A有正的交叉彈性,與產(chǎn)品B有負(fù)的交叉彈性,則該廠商(),因有替代品A ,因有替代品B=80,TFC=1000,MR=MC時,Q=50,AC=90,則短期內(nèi)該廠商(),因?yàn)镻B,不生產(chǎn)而且退出行業(yè),因?yàn)闊o利可圖 ,通過調(diào)整產(chǎn)量,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤,因?yàn)榕c不生產(chǎn)比,可以減少虧損 (),每個廠商(),因?yàn)橐詮S商自身利益最大化為行為準(zhǔn)則,因?yàn)閺S商聯(lián)合可以擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)量 ,需具體情況具體分析 ,因?yàn)閺S商聯(lián)合將形成壟斷,廠商可以瓜分更高的壟斷利潤 二.(10%)若甲的效用函數(shù)Tu=XY,求=40,Y=5時,甲得到的效用是多少?在XOY平面上,經(jīng)過(40,5)點(diǎn)的無異曲線是什么? ,為使甲的效用與(40,5)點(diǎn)相同,乙最多能得到多少X? ,全部用于購買X和Y,X的價格2元,Y的價格3元,為使甲的效用最大化,應(yīng)購買X和Y各多少? 三.(15%)某壟斷者的產(chǎn)品在兩個市場上實(shí)行差別定價,其總成本函數(shù)TC=8Q+100,產(chǎn)品的需求函數(shù)為Q1=10(1/2)P1,Q2=40P2,試求: 、P2證明需求價格彈性較低的市場上銷售價格較高 ,.(25%)假定廠商在完全競爭的產(chǎn)品和要素市場上從事生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營,其生產(chǎn)函數(shù)為Q=48LK,Q為年產(chǎn)量,L、K為勞動與資本使用數(shù)量。()()()二、(20分,)填空題,則在消費(fèi)者均衡時,().,若他對某種價格為2的商品的邊際效用為2,則他的收入邊際效用為().%時,需求量下降2%,則其需求價格彈性為().——道格拉斯形式的,則產(chǎn)出時該要素的產(chǎn)生彈性為().,則其產(chǎn)品售價為().,某要素的價格為10,則該要素的邊際產(chǎn)值為().,折舊2千億,則國民生產(chǎn)凈值為(),則產(chǎn)品稅為()、(10分)某消費(fèi)者的效用函數(shù)為U=√(xy),x和y是他所消費(fèi)的兩種商品,其價格分別為Px=1和Py=2,他的收入為100,問他對x和y的需求量各為多少? 四.(10分)有兩種要素投入x,y,產(chǎn)出為Q的生產(chǎn)函數(shù)為Q=xy,產(chǎn)品價格為10,x和y的價格分別為Px=2,Py=4,.(15分)某企業(yè)長期生產(chǎn)函數(shù)為Q=.(25分)一個完全競爭成本不變行業(yè)中每個廠商的長期成本函數(shù)為LTC=Q50Q+750Q,Q為產(chǎn)量,產(chǎn)品的市場需求函數(shù)為Qd=20004P,P為價格,Qd為需求量.(1)長期均衡中行業(yè)內(nèi)有多少廠商?(2)若征收20%的產(chǎn)品稅,則行業(yè)長期均衡中的廠商數(shù)為多少?51/21/4,其中Q為產(chǎn)量,x0為常數(shù),x,y,z為三種要素,且三種要素的價格分別為Px=1,Py=9,Pz=8,重慶大學(xué)2000年碩士生入學(xué)考試微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(含宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué))試題一、選擇題(將最適答案號碼填入括號,每題2分,共40分),其他條件不變時,電腦需求減少,電腦需求量減少 ,電腦需求量減少,電腦需求減少 ,那么菜農(nóng)收入一定 ,以下哪個因素不是其成因()、更先進(jìn)的電腦上市 、工作中的用途越來越廣 、Y的總效用函數(shù)為TU=X*Y,Px=1,Pt=2,則當(dāng)總支出為12時,消費(fèi)者均衡點(diǎn)所在無異曲線為+2Y=12 =2Y *Y=18 *Y=12 ,實(shí)際收入不變應(yīng)指() ,通過可變投入的調(diào)整能取得的產(chǎn)量是有限的 ,總產(chǎn)量卻是上升的 ,則當(dāng)勞動投入增加10%時,產(chǎn)出的增長率 % % % ,當(dāng)平均產(chǎn)量遞減時,一定存在 ,現(xiàn)有投入組合下,勞動與資本間邊際產(chǎn)量之比大于勞動與資本間價格之比,那么 ,必須增加成本 、設(shè)備等固定資產(chǎn)2000萬,年折舊率10%?!痹囋u論上述觀點(diǎn)。這時,你的建議是什么?三、(20分)指出宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的主要目標(biāo),及實(shí)現(xiàn)該目標(biāo)可采取的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。w假設(shè)1的勞動成本不變,而2的勞動成本下降,廠商應(yīng)該任何調(diào)整2的產(chǎn)量,任何調(diào)整總產(chǎn)量和價格。)如何計算需求價格彈性?請通過對它的分析說明它對企業(yè)價格決策的意義。()企業(yè)運(yùn)用生產(chǎn)要素A和B生產(chǎn)商品x,如果MPA=5,MPB=12,PA=3,PB=,那么企業(yè)已經(jīng)達(dá)到了利潤極大化的均衡。: ;;;。四、問答題(30分)1.(20分)我國近年來連續(xù)降低金融機(jī)構(gòu)存貸款利率的原因是什么?它對宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)會產(chǎn)生哪些影響?在我國經(jīng)濟(jì)市場化的過程中怎樣才能更好地發(fā)揮利率調(diào)節(jié)的杠桿作用?2.(10分)最近由于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,對資源、能源的需求大幅度增加,資源、能源如水、石油、天然氣等供應(yīng)緊張,我國政府采取了提價的措施來解決這個問題。市場需求函數(shù)為:P=70005Q,企業(yè)所處要素市場為完全競爭,勞動價格PL=200,資本價格PK=300:(1)在短期,該企業(yè)壟斷產(chǎn)量和價格為多少R R(2)專利期內(nèi),該企業(yè)長期產(chǎn)量和價格為多少 ?(3)若專利期間,該產(chǎn)品市場演變?yōu)橥耆偁帲箝L期產(chǎn)量和價格(4)比較完全競爭和完全壟斷的長期產(chǎn)量,價格和社會福利差異3.(20%)某經(jīng)濟(jì)的貨幣需求交易需求為LT=,投機(jī)需求為LS=50200i,貨幣供給為200,消費(fèi)函數(shù)C=60+,稅收T=180500i,政府購買G=100。,,交易成本是否為0。著力提高低收入者收入水平,逐步擴(kuò)大中等收入者比重,有效調(diào)節(jié)過高收入,規(guī)范個人收入分配秩序,努力緩解地區(qū)之間和部分社會成員收入分配差距擴(kuò)大
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