【正文】
te directly to 8090 million rural migrants, 2030 million dispossessed farmers in urban expansion. In total 2030 million rural population are affected and will increase further in the future. 本報(bào)告的目的 Goals of this Presentation ? 提出一整套漸進(jìn)性政策組合,改革戶籍制度和農(nóng)村土地制度,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)一體化,改善遷移與失地農(nóng)民生計(jì),提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力. Propose an integrated policy framework to reform the Hukou system and rural land system that will promote urbanrural integration, address the livelihood problems of the migrant workers and dispossessed farmers in urbanization 本報(bào)告內(nèi)容 Specific Objectives: Goals of this Presentation ? 基本事實(shí)描述 Lay out the facts ? 主要政策問題和政策反應(yīng) Major Policy Issues and Response ? 提出一套整體性政策方案 An Integrated Policy Package ? 財(cái)政方案模擬 Simulation of Fiscal Scenario 基本事實(shí) Basic facts ? 人口遷移的中國(guó)特殊性 Migration with China Characteristics Migration in a large country 2. 經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌 , 剩余勞動(dòng)力與人口遷移 Surplus labor, migration and economic transition 非農(nóng)就業(yè)勞動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu) (2020年 ,CCAP) Structure of Offfarm Labor(year 2020, CCAP) R u r a l L a b o r46%W i th O fffa r mW i th o u t O fffa r m29%O u t s i d eh o m ec o u n t y17%O u t s i d eh o m ep r o v i n c e90%L a b o rw i th o v e r3 m o n th76%L a b o rw i th o v e r6 m o n th非農(nóng)就業(yè)勞動(dòng)力規(guī)模 ( 2020年) Scale of Offfarm Labor 5 8 . 2 54 4 . 1 92 6 4 . 6 27 6 . 8 46 8 . 8050100150200250300O f f f a r ml a b o rL a b o r o u t s i d eh o m e c o u n t yL a b o r o u t s i d eh o m e p r o v i n c eo v e r 3 m o n t ho u t s i d e h o m ec o u n t yo v e r 6 m o n t ho u t s i d e h o m ec o u n t yN u m o f L a b o r (M i l l i o n )政策問題一:城市化過程中的流動(dòng)人口 Policy Issue 1 : Temporary Migration ? 現(xiàn)有戶籍制度下鄉(xiāng) 城人口遷移的短期性 ,單身特點(diǎn) ,無(wú)法享受城市基本公共服務(wù) ? Temporary ruralurban migration:floating and individual migrants with no access to urban public services . 城市戶口的本質(zhì) What does an Urban Hukou Mean Now? ? 基本社會(huì)保障 ? 住房安排 ? 子女就學(xué) ? Social Assistance ? Housing Subsidy ? Equal Access to Urban Public Schools 政策問題二:城市化過程中的土地征用 Policy Issue 3: Land Requisition in urbanization ? 政府行政審批控制農(nóng)地轉(zhuǎn)非農(nóng)。 ? 明確農(nóng)民對(duì)于土地使用、轉(zhuǎn)讓和處理的權(quán)利; ? 允許在土地用途不發(fā)生從農(nóng)地向非農(nóng)用地轉(zhuǎn)換的前提下,土地可以進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)租、轉(zhuǎn)讓; ? 土地使用權(quán)證也可以抵押。 ? The fiscal surplus in initial years can still be used for urban infrastructure and accumulated dispossessed farmers. Deficits in later years can e from property tax to be installed as local tax base. 進(jìn)一步的含義 Further implications ? 漸進(jìn)還是不進(jìn)? 整體推進(jìn)還是摸著石頭過河? ? Gradualism or stagnation? Integrated approach or continue to “crossing the river by groping the stones” 謝謝,請(qǐng)批評(píng)指正! Thanks for your patience, ments more than wele ! 。 政策組合內(nèi)容 Content of Policy Package 2) 為城市流動(dòng)人口設(shè)置(以就業(yè)和收入為基礎(chǔ)的)遷移準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn),同時(shí)建立與城市戶口相關(guān)聯(lián)的城市“戶口”福利包,即最低生活保障、子女就學(xué)安排和住房補(bǔ)貼 2) Entry Criteria (employment and ine) for Obtaining Urban Hukou its associated welfare package 政策組合內(nèi)容 Content of Policy Package 3) 在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上 , 達(dá)到準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的鄉(xiāng)村遷移人口 , 如果 ( 無(wú)償 ) 放棄農(nóng)村的土地 ( 包括土地使用權(quán)證 ) , 則可以獲得城市戶口和申請(qǐng)享受上述福利包的資格 。 ? 30004000萬(wàn)失地農(nóng)民補(bǔ)償不足 , 部分就業(yè)困難 ? China’s urban land requisition system。 ? 財(cái)政體制改革與地方預(yù)算外收入。 1) Set up rural land offices and issue land certificates to farm