供應(yīng)鏈管理2ppt課件(更新版)
【正文】 stribution costs ? Design for Logistics uses product design to address logistics costs ? Key Concepts of Design for Logistics – Economic packaging and transportation – Concurrent/Parallel Processing – Postponement Economic Transportation and Storage ? 對(duì)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)，使其可以有效包裝和儲(chǔ)存 –包裝越緊湊，運(yùn)費(fèi)越便宜 ? IKEA家具 –零售商喜歡體積小，易包裝的產(chǎn)品 ? WalMart的堆放 –大批量到倉(cāng)庫(kù)，配送前最后包裝 ? 可獲運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模 Examples ? Ikea – World’s largest furniture retailer – 131 stores in 21 countries – Large stores, centralized manufacturing, pactly and efficiently packed products ? Rubbermaid – Clear Classic food containers designed to fit 14x14” WalMart shelves Concurrent/ Parallel Processing ? Objective is to minimize lead times ? Achieved by redesigning products so that several manufacturing steps can take place in parallel ? Modularity/Decoupling(模塊化 /分解概念 ) is key to implementation ? Enables different inventory levels for different parts The Network Printer Example Stage 1 (Europe) Stage 2 + Integration (Far East) Customer (Europe) Board Printer Stage 1 (Europe) Integration (Europe) Customer (Europe) Board Printer Plastics, motors, etc. Stage 2 (Far East) Postponement ? Shortening lead times is not always possible ? How else can inventory levels be reduced and forecast accuracy improved? ? 制造何種產(chǎn)品和產(chǎn)品差異化的決策延遲在產(chǎn)品開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)以后，使一類(lèi)或一系列產(chǎn)品延遲區(qū)分為專(zhuān)門(mén)的產(chǎn)成品，這種方法稱(chēng)為延遲產(chǎn)品差異。 – Each product undergo a discrete set of operations making it possible to store inventory in semifinished form – Products differ from each other in terms of the subset of operations that are performed on them ? Semiconductor wafer fabrication is modular since the type of chip produced depends on the unique set of operations performed ? Oil refining is not modular since it is continuous and inventory storage of semifinished product is difficult ? Modular products are not always made from modular processes – Biotech and pharmaceutical industries make modular products but use nonmodular process
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