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20xx屆高考英語(人教版)一輪總復習學案:專題五-動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)-【含解析】(更新版)

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【正文】 般過去時,它之前的動作用過去完成時,表示過去本打算做某事而沒有做成。這里表示研究的客觀結果,所以用一般過去時;根據it doesn39。北京卷)On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I __voiced__ (voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?”解析:考查時態(tài)。故填will have/has。全國III卷)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and __remended__ (remend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit. 解析:考查一般過去時態(tài)。全國Ⅱ卷)I don39。句意:他沒有像我所期望的那樣著手做新工作,而是又檢查了一遍以前的工作。s because I __have been practising__(practise)a lot these days.解析:考查時態(tài)。句意:新方法意味著更少的人從事農業(yè)。句意:隨著越多的小孩出生,越多的食物被需要。故填be chosen。句意:“這真的使科學家們激動,”布朗大學的一位科學家Carle Pieters說:“因為它意味著我們有機會獲得月球是如何構造的信息。2.(20201.It is the first/second/...time that sb. have/has done...2.It was the first/second/...time that sb.had done...3.Sb.was doing sth.when...did...4.Hardly/Scarcely had sb.done sth.when...did...5.Sb.was about to do sth.when...did...6.It39。 由語境可知,walk into a deep valley的動作先于realize的動作發(fā)生,故用過去完成時had walked。他問我你近來工作進展怎么樣。(2)時間狀語不同:過去完成時的時間狀語常是by或before構成的短語,如by that time,before 2000,“by the time+句子”等。(2)一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,如yesterday,the other day,just now等;而現在完成時通常與不確定的時間狀語連用,如so far,up to now,lately等,或無時間狀語。Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由聽起來合理。She got married last week.她上周結婚了。好幾周沒擦了。s no answer.我給他打了很多次電話,但目前一直沒有收到答復。I had hardly (no sooner) got home when (than) the rain poured down.=Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.我剛到家雨就傾盆而下。This is the best film that I39。t do it.——哦,不是我,我沒有擦。I39??键c五過去進行時1.表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作或某動作在過去某一階段內發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。I am meeting Mr.Wang tonight.我今晚要會見王先生。I was about to go out when the telephone rang.我正要出門,這時電話響了。計劃可能用時較長,計劃得比較正式、周密。He said that he would not go if it rained.他說如果下雨他就不走了。s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.邁克爾的父親總是幫助窮人,因為他覺得這樣讓大家都更開心。The sentence will be easy to understand when you divide it into three parts.當你把這個句子分成三部分時,很容易理解。專題五 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)  考點精講   動詞的時態(tài)考點一一般現在時1.表示經常性、習慣性的動作和現在的狀態(tài)、特征。3.如果主句是一般將來時,那么在由when,while,before, after,until,as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句、if和unless引導的條件狀語從句中,可用一般現在時代替一般將來時,表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。Michael39。4.在時間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中用一般過去時代替過去將來時。2.be going to(1)表示按計劃、打算做某事。特別提示:與并列連詞when連用,表示“正打算……,這時……”。2.表示近期特定的安排或計劃。(4)表示感官的動詞:see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look等。將來進行時常與一些標志性的時間狀語連用,這些常見的標志性狀語有at this time tomorrow,from 1:30 to 4∶30 the day after tomorrow等。t me.I didn39。This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.這是我們一家人第一次一起在電影院里看電影。2.用在hardly/scarcely/rarely...when...和no sooner...than...句型中,主句常用過去完成時,表示“一…… 就……;剛……就……”。I have been calling him many times,but there39。t been cleaned for weeks.——我知道。特別提示:“get+過去分詞”也可以表示被動,此結構比較口語化。(2)表示感受、感官的系動詞feel, sound, taste, look等后跟形容詞、名詞構成系表結構,無被動形式。Who is to blame for the mistake?誰應為這個錯誤接受譴責?  難點釋疑 難點一 易混的幾種時態(tài)1.一般過去時與現在完成時(1)一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現在的影響,強調的是結果。3.一般過去時與過去完成時(1)針對時間不同:一般過去時是針對現在而言的,過去完成時則是針對過去某一時刻而言的?!镜淅俊 狧ave you ever seen Peter recently?—Yes.He __asked__(ask) me how you __are getting__ (get) along with your job these days.解析:句意為:——最近你見過彼得嗎?——見過。二、根據上下文語境,挖掘其隱含信息,弄清時間的先后順序,確定動作是發(fā)生在過去、現在還是將來【典例】 When he realized he __had walked__(walk) into a deep valley,he was too frightened to know what to do.解析:句意:當他意識到自己走進了深谷之后,他非常害怕以至于不知道做什么。四、根據固定句式確定動詞時態(tài) 英語中有一些句式的時態(tài)常常很固定,如果題干中出現這類句式,考生應注意根據規(guī)則選用適當的時態(tài)。故填are called。新課標卷Ⅰ)“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon __is constructed__ (construct).”解析:考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)以及主謂一致。本句中主語he與謂語動詞choose構成被動關系,且would后跟動詞原形。浙江卷)And, as more children were born, more food __was needed__(need).解析:考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。浙江卷)Then, with the rise of science, changes began. New methods __meant__ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. 解析:考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。天津卷改編)—You are a great swimmer.—Thanks. It39。江蘇卷改編)Instead of getting down to a new task as I __had expected__(expect), he examined the previous work again.解析:考查動詞時態(tài)。11. (201913.(2019本句是when引導的時間狀語從句,遵循主將從現原則,因此,主句可以使用將來時will do;根據語境可知,本文敘述的是客觀事實,因此,本句亦可用一般現在時,主語是nobody,謂語用has。16.(2019句意:對于這個問題的研究表明,對于大多數學生來說,它不重要。couldn39。20.(2018m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!”解析:考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)。24.(2018全國Ⅰ)When fat and salt __are removed__(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.解析:根據語境可知此處用一般現在時,由于主語fat and salt是復數概念,且與remove是被動關系,所以用一般現在時的被動語態(tài)結構are removed。此處為含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)might be done。新課標卷Ⅱ) Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practice.__start改為started__解析:考查時態(tài)。3.(2019故把are改為were。10.(全國Ⅲ)At first, I thought I knew everything. However, my parents didn39。15.(全國Ⅰ)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already bee a very serious problem.__去掉been__解析:studies與show之間為主動關系,所以刪除been。故答案為are。10.“Miss Li 10.________ (tell) me”為定語從句,設空處表示過去的事情,故用一般過去時
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