【正文】 貿(mào)易Compensation trade 赤字 in the red 原始資本積累 Primitive accumulation of capital無形貿(mào)易Invisible trade 定期存款賬戶Deposit account 市場經(jīng)濟(jì)Market economy 商業(yè)銀行Commercial Bank 生產(chǎn)資料The means of production 文明世界The civilized world 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Infrastructure 額外儲備金The extra reserves 保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)Insurance premium 直接稅Direct tax 醫(yī)療設(shè)備 Medical device 人造絲Artificial silk 批量生產(chǎn)Batch production 攜手合作Work together 壟斷性競爭Monopolistic petition 在和平時(shí)期In times of peace 保險(xiǎn)單Insurance policy 成本效益Cost effectiveness 提單 bill of lading 財(cái)政危機(jī)Financial crisis 人際關(guān)系Interpersonal relationship 每隔幾分鐘 every free minutes 保守秘密Keep a secret 國家稅務(wù)State Taxation 生活方式 Way of life 兩份報(bào)紙 two copies of newspaper一塊肥皂 a bar of soap一件家具 a piece of furniture一把剪刀 a pair of scissors丟棄 throw away陷入困境 get into trouble工業(yè)產(chǎn)品 industrial goods農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 agriculture goods一輩子一次性的收獲 a oneinalifetime acquisition沒有出路的工作 a deadend job付一大筆錢 pay good money過時(shí) be out of fashion流行 be in the fashion批量生產(chǎn) massproduction降低成本 lower the cost在起作用 be at work物美價(jià)廉的產(chǎn)品 better quality products at good values所得稅 ine tax投放市場 put on the market小批量 in limited quantities大量地 in large quantities要求 ask for下降 go down從商go into business努力做某事 strive to do medical device劣質(zhì)產(chǎn)品 inferior products一條面包 a loaf of bread溫和寬容的 easygoing人造絲 artificial silk假牙 artificial teeth對?有害 be harmful to警惕 be on guard認(rèn)為某事當(dāng)然 take sth for granted由?組成 be posed of一個(gè)中年婦女 a middleaged women一些性格開朗的女孩 an openminded girl一個(gè)意志軟弱的人 a weakminded man一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人 a strongminded soldier遭受 suffer from由于壓力 as a result of stress警告信號 warning signals交通阻塞 traffic jam指出 point out逃離 run away from自殺 mit suicide從事攝影 take up photography高度工業(yè)化國家 a highly industrialized country工業(yè)生產(chǎn) industrial production制成品 manufactured goods領(lǐng)先 take over the lead失去領(lǐng)先地位 lose one39。 there are no resources left,we will start tolook after what we why can’t we act before this happens?why can’t we goback to a society in which prevention of waste is a virtue?當(dāng)?shù)厍蛏系馁Y源耗盡時(shí)，我們就會(huì)珍惜所擁有的東西。 posed of two or more ingredients must bear labels listing all ingredients in the order of ，其標(biāo)簽必須以各配料的多少為序一一列舉。 primitive people began to wear clothing regularly,they had to make it from the materials at ，他們只能用于手頭的材料做衣服。 developing advertising strategies,marketers must also consider the best advertising medium for their ,for example,uses television ads to keep its name fresh in consumers 39。 people,as they themselves produce nothing ,are all maintained by the produce of other men39。s abilities and trade publications to introduce new advertising medium has its own advantages and disadvantages在制定廣告策略，營銷人員還必須考慮最佳廣告媒體的信息。 national economy is better because of this specialization,but these workers over 10percent of the entire labor fore depend entirely on the buying habits of the remainder of the ，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)專業(yè)化，但這些工人超過10 %的整個(gè)勞動(dòng)力完全取決于購買習(xí)慣的剩余人口。 country is the fifth most densely populated in the world with 56 million people on % of the world’s ，%的土地上。 think of the expensive packaging material that is thrown away each time a new object is ，每購買一件新商品，昂貴的包裝材料就被扔掉了。s toes相互追逐 tread on each other39。而正確的譯文應(yīng)為：“上級公務(wù)員行賄受賄, 下級公務(wù)員也會(huì)效仿，這叫： 上行下效(或上梁不正下梁歪)。英文中卻是沒有的，中國人自行翻譯為：“Good good study, day day up.”明顯就違反了英語的日常用法。)等等, 而漢語中卻說“痛打落水狗”“走狗”等,大多含有貶義。除此之外，中國人見面很喜歡問別人：“你吃飯了沒。就拿數(shù)字來說，“8”在中國是一個(gè)吉利的數(shù)字，很多人在競投車牌，電話號碼等的時(shí)候愿意花上一大筆錢，就只為了圖一個(gè)吉利。創(chuàng)世紀(jì)》記載, 所多瑪是古代死海邊上的一座城市, 由于那里的居民驕奢淫逸, 罪大惡極, 上帝降火燒毀了這座城,城中的百姓、莊稼和牲畜全都化為灰燼, 傳說在那里的死海邊上長著一種外表美麗、摘下便成為灰燼的蘋果。二、漢英雙方宗教信仰差異與英漢翻譯在語言漫長的發(fā)展歷史中，宗教的影響是不容小覷的，各國的語言或多或少都會(huì)沾染上些許宗教色彩。中國則不同，中國有2/3 的邊界線在陸地上，文化的繁榮興盛起源于中原。根據(jù)一般概念, 翻譯是將一種語言的信息用另一種語言表達(dá)出來的活動(dòng)。Customers will be deposited valuables in the safe, will be safe locks, the two key to keeping a guest, the other is a on at yuyuan39。If the 3 wrong passwords are inputed again,the electronic system will not accept any password input in 5 to establish to change the user’s passwordPress the red button(which is behind the gate in the right side position)under the addition that the door is open,then the yellow light will be bright,please input the user’s password(between 3 to 8 numbers)in 30 seconds,then push “A” or “B” to do the above operation again,if the green light bright,It indicates that is a successful revision。第一篇：保險(xiǎn)箱使用說明書中英翻譯保險(xiǎn)箱使用說明書開箱輸入密碼(出廠密碼為1,5,9),按下”A”，綠色信號燈，請?jiān)?秒內(nèi)旋轉(zhuǎn)旋鈕，然后拉開保險(xiǎn)箱。Safety Deposit Box InstructionOpen the safety deposit boxInput password(the primitive password is 1,5,9),press down “A”,green signal light,please revolves button in 5 seconds,then open the safety deposit yellow light will be dodging in every pressing,with the sound of “toot toot”,It means that the system has accepted the the yellow light is still dodging,it indicates that the password is continuously 3 times mistakes,the electronic system will not be able to accept the password input。并告知客人將鑰匙保管好，取物時(shí)必須將兩把鑰匙同時(shí)使用方能開啟保險(xiǎn)箱門，如果遺失鑰匙需賠償500元。【關(guān)鍵詞】漢英文化 英語翻譯 差異 影響引言語言是社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,也是文化現(xiàn)象,語言反映文化,又受文化的制約,語言與文化的密切關(guān)系注定了翻譯與文化的關(guān)系。就拿中國和英國相比，以英國為例，英國四周環(huán)海，是一個(gè)典型的島國，并且在歷史上英國的航海業(yè)非常發(fā)達(dá)，曾一度領(lǐng)先于其他國家，因而英語中與海洋有關(guān)的詞語和表達(dá)就特別豐富。英國人對西風(fēng)的喜愛在雪萊的《西風(fēng)頌》中表現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致，詩中有這么一句：“Oh the west winter es, can spring be far behind.”（啊，西風(fēng)！假如冬天已經(jīng)來臨，春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？）如果不了解英國的地理環(huán)境，譯者在翻譯這個(gè)句子時(shí)可能就會(huì)感到困惑：為什么雪萊會(huì)歌頌寒冷的西風(fēng)呢？因此，這種地理環(huán)境的差異有時(shí)會(huì)給翻譯帶來較大的困難。據(jù)圣經(jīng)《舊約語言和文化是息息相關(guān)的, 有什么樣的文化, 就會(huì)有與之相對應(yīng)的語言來反映。如果把這幾句直接翻譯過來就會(huì)鬧出笑話：“Your daughter is beautiful.” “where, where.”所以在翻譯這類詞語時(shí)，譯者一定要考慮到不同的生活習(xí)俗對日常表達(dá)的影響，千萬不能僵硬地采用直譯來傳達(dá)原文的意思。同樣西方人對“dog” 的看法也與中國人大相徑庭, 英語中含有“dog” 的習(xí)語很多, 大多表示喜愛的感情, 例如:“ a lucky dog”(幸運(yùn)兒)；“ Every dog has his day.”(凡人皆有得意日。又例如，中文中常有：“好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上”之說。這就需要譯者有兩種文化的詞義聯(lián)想和文化意象，將‘Fish begins to stink at the head.’與中文中的某些詞句來年息起來，再根據(jù)語境得出翻譯的結(jié)果，這樣的句子才會(huì)更加“有味道”。s lead赤字 in the red就?而言 as far as ? is concerned易手 change hands賺錢 earn money金融中心 a financial centre貿(mào)易中心 a mercial centre國際貿(mào)易 international trade外貿(mào) foreign trade商船船隊(duì) a merchant fleet巨額金錢 vast sums of money一大筆錢 a large sum of money對付，處理 deal with有形貿(mào)易 visible trade無形貿(mào)易 invisible trade貿(mào)易差額 trade gap失血 loss of blood高度機(jī)械化的工廠 highly mechanized factory產(chǎn)品統(tǒng)一條形碼 universal product code黑白相間的條紋