【正文】 四個串聯(lián)的階梯式酯化釜的第一級 .非酸化催化劑也在此加入 .第二級酯化釜溫度控制不低于 180,最后一級酯化溫度為 220～ 230,酯化部分用 的蒸汽加熱 .鄰苯二甲酸單酯的轉化率為 %～ %。 綜上分析，本設計選用 酯化 — 脫醇一中和水洗一汽提干燥一過濾工藝流程，采用串聯(lián)多釜反應器連續(xù)酯化技術，催化劑采用氧化鋁與辛酸亞錫以 1： 1比例復配型催化劑。 催化劑分為酸性催化劑和非酸性催化劑，由于采用非酸性催化劑可以免去中和和水洗兩道工序，且通過過濾即可除去，跟酸性催化劑相比，優(yōu)越性在于能生產(chǎn)出高質量的增塑劑產(chǎn)品和減少污染。間歇式生產(chǎn)方式適用于多品種、小批量的生產(chǎn)。 （ 2） 通過完成設計，可以知道 DOP 的用途；基本掌握 苯酐和異辛醇 制 DOP 的生產(chǎn)工藝；了解國內(nèi)外 DOP 工業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀；以及 DOP 工業(yè)的發(fā)展趨勢。 DOP 在國民經(jīng)濟中的重要性 鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯 (DOP)是目前使用最廣泛的增塑劑，約占我國增塑劑總量 45%，是重要的通用型增塑劑，任何增塑劑都是以它為基準來加以比較的，技術經(jīng)濟上占有絕對優(yōu)勢。 醫(yī)用級 DOP，主要 用于生產(chǎn)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制品，如一次性醫(yī)療器具及醫(yī)用包裝材料等。 關鍵詞 ： DOP 異 辛醇 苯酐 工藝設計 工藝計算 設備選型 Abstract Dioctyl phthalate ,referred to as DOP, Molecular Formula: C24H38O4 .It is important to generalpurpose plasticizer and has bee the largest amount used of plasticizerthe at home and abroad, now it is widely used in rubber, plastics and pharmaceutical industry, plays an important role in the national economy. After analysis and parison of various raw materials, synthesis, the design process is the use of multitank reactors in series continuous esterification technology, the catalyst is alumina with a 1:1 ratio of Sn catalyst pound annual output of 100,000 tons Dioctyl phthalate, to meet domestic demand. The design follows the mature technology, advanced technology, equipment configuration scientific, environmental safety, economic efficiency, the principle of reciprocity. After paring domestic and foreign advanced production methods, process and equipment configuration , the choices are starting from phthalic anhydride and isooctanol after esterification, de alcohol, refined by product line production process octyl phthalate. Design for production process design argument, the design of facilities and process selection, with a flow chart with control points, the main production equipment and size chart, workshop equipment configuration diagram. The last part is about environmental protection and labor safety, in order to achieve reduction of the three wastes emissions, strengthen the three wastes treatment, to ensure safe production purposes. Key word: DOP Ethylhexanol Phthalic Process Design Process Calculation Equipment Selection 目錄 一．總論 ...................................................... 7 1．概述 .................................................... 7 DOP 的性質 .................................... 7 ............................................ 7 在國民經(jīng)濟中 的重要性 ............................ 7 DOP的市場需求 ...................................... 8 2．設計的目的和意義 ........................................ 8 3．設計依據(jù)和原則 .......................................... 8 ............................................ 8 ............................................ 8 4．設計范圍 ................................................ 9 5． DOP 生產(chǎn)能力及產(chǎn)品質量標準 .............................. 9 ............................................ 9 ........................................ 9 二 ． 生產(chǎn)工藝流程設計與論證 ????????????????? 10 1．生產(chǎn)工藝選擇與論證?????????????????? 10 2．工藝參數(shù)的確定 ???????????????????? 11 ..........................................11 、洗滌工序 ....................................11 ..........................................12 干燥、過濾工序 ....................................12 3．產(chǎn)工藝流程圖及其說明 ????????????????? 13 DOP 生產(chǎn)工藝流程圖 ???????????????? 13 生產(chǎn)工藝流程說明????????????????? 13 三．工藝計算???????????????? ??????????? 14 ??? ????????????? ?????????? 14 設計生產(chǎn)能力 ???????????????? ?????? 14 二級酯化段釜 1 物料計算???????????????? ? 15 酯化工段物料衡結果 ???????????????? ??? 16 2．熱量衡算 ???????????????? ????????? 17 四． 主要設備設計與選型???????????????? ?????? 18 1．反應釜的設計與選型???????????????? ???? ? 19 反應釜體積確定 ???????????????? ????? 19 反應釜高度與底面直徑 ???????????????? ?? 20 反應釜溫度與壓力 ???????????????? ???? 20 反應釜壁厚度計算 ???????????????? ???? 21 攪拌器的設計及選型 ???????????????? ??? 22 攪拌器型式適用條件 表 ???????????? ??? 23 攪拌器的選用及尺寸 ???????????????? 23 攪拌功率的計算 ???????????????? ?? 23 夾套傳熱面積的計算與核算 ????????????? ??? 23 被攪拌液體側的對流傳熱系數(shù) ???????????? 23 夾套冷卻水對流傳熱系數(shù) ????????????? ? 24 夾套傳熱面積 ????????????? ?????? ? 25 反應釜的主要技術特性匯總 ???????????? ???? 26 2．冷凝器的設計與選型 ???????????????? ????? 27 選擇換熱器的類型 ???????????????? ???? 28 流動空間及流速的確定 ???????????????? ?? 28 傳熱面積的確定 ???????????????? ????? 28 冷凝器工藝尺寸的計算 ?????????????????? 29 管子數(shù) n的確定 ??????????????????? 29 管子的排列方式，管間距的確定 ???????? ???? 30 殼體直徑的確定 ????????????? ?????? 30 折流板 ??????????????? ??????? 30 接管 ??????????????? ???????? 30 ??????????????????????? ? 31 換熱器封頭的確定 ???????????????? ???? 31 容器法蘭的選擇 ???????????????? ????? 31 開孔補強 ???????????????? ???????? 31 支座 ???????????????? ?????????? 31 冷凝器設計匯總 ???????????????? ????? 31 五． 環(huán)境保護與勞動安全 .......................................... 32 1． DOP 三廢處理 ............................................... 32 安全生產(chǎn) ................................................ 33 六． 設計結果評析與總結 ........................................... 34 致謝 .....