【正文】 n to the interval variance of the two groups of grain and cob anthocyanin content analysis found that the average content of maize grain and cob anthocyanin significant difference among different genotypes, the average content of different genotypes of grain and cob anthocyanins are also groups of nine genotypes anthocyanin average multiple parisons showed that the AABB aabb AABB AABB four genotypes anthocyanin content difference was not significant, these four genotypes anthocyanin content and AABB aabb aaBB AABB AABB five kinds significant differences in genotype anthocyanin content AABB aabb AABB AABB AABB five kinds of genotype anthocyanin content was no significant when the two genes at the same time the presence of anthocyanin content is relatively large, only one gene action anthocyanins was no significant groups of grain and cob anthocyanin content the two geic epistasis analysis showed that: a gene alone are relatively low impact on the grain and cob anthocyanins, two gene interactions anthocyanins parison gene interaction has a significant role in the improvement of anthocyanin content. 2. Auricles and veins Color group MUSBC4F3 further positioning The MuSBC4F3 phenotypic identification showed veins and auricles nonpurple and purple two phenotypes are 1:3, in Mendel single gene segregation ratio 1:3, can exclude the interference of other genes, the target area. paragraph gene mapping ideal to the F2 and BC4F2 positioning the veins leaves near the ear gene primers and screening efforts, by electrophoresis the BC4F3 differences primer only three order to more accurate positioning results need to design veins positioning interval the IDP8526bnlg1028 and auricles positioning interval IDP8526bnlg1028 vein leaf ears are positioned to the same interval, so the design of the primer as long as there is difference in the veins and leaf auricle can be used to locate in the NCBI blastn that the BAC value IDP8526 the BAC value bnlg1028 , the 2,753,143 bp from that the physical distance between IDP8526bnlg1028, physical distance is too large, need to design new The primer to shorten the physical distance. One by one to find SSRHUNTER SSR loci, to find a single copy of SSR loci Primers were designed using Premier , a total of 25 pairs of primers, primer J34 in the SDM wood polymorphism is better found by out the differences cited material and new design of primers veins leaf ear color further positioning, last veins leaf ears are positioned to J34bnlg1028 interval, the physical Abstract V distance to 1304KB, greatly shorten the physical distance clone basis for the next BC4F3 positioning results phenotypic rate of more than 60%, significantly higher than the the BC4F2 positioning, the positioning of the visible and nearisogenic lines BC4F3 results higher accuracy, higher reliability. 第一章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 1 第一章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 數(shù)量性狀的相關(guān)概念 在遺傳機(jī)制制中，數(shù)量性狀受多個(gè)基因來控制的，數(shù)量性狀的基因?qū)Νh(huán)境比較敏感，基因的作用與環(huán)境條件有關(guān)，關(guān)于數(shù)量性狀的多基因假說是：數(shù)量性狀基因是由多對(duì)微效基因聯(lián)合作用的，各對(duì)微效基因的效應(yīng)差不多，而且可以累加，也可以稱這些微效基因?yàn)槔奂踊?，由于每?duì)微效基因?qū)Ρ硇托誀畹挠绊戄^小，基因太多無法一個(gè)一個(gè) 去辨認(rèn)，只能將表型按照多基因體系來進(jìn)行研究，微效基因之間的顯性效應(yīng)與隱性效應(yīng)不怎么明顯，一般用大寫字母表示增效，小寫字母表示減效作用。 根據(jù) F2 代和 BC4F2 的定位結(jié)果。兩個(gè)群體的籽粒定位區(qū)間和穗軸 花色苷定位的區(qū)間都相同，可見籽粒花色苷高的穗軸花色苷含量也高，二者有一致性。 學(xué)位論文作者簽名： 導(dǎo)師簽名： 簽字日期： 年 月 日 簽字日期： 年 月 日 目 錄 i 目 錄 摘要 .....................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................III 第一章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ................................................................................................................ 1 數(shù)量性狀的相關(guān)概念 .................................................................................................. 1 QTL 定位的原理與方法 .............................................................................................. 2 定位的原理 .......................................................................................................... 2 定位的方法 .......................................................................................................... 2 1． 3 QTL 定位方法的最新進(jìn)展 ........................................................................................ 4 QTL 動(dòng)態(tài)定位 ...................................................................................................... 4 eQTL 定位 ............................................................................................................ 4 ． 3 種質(zhì)資源新基因發(fā)掘的 QTL 定位方法 ............................................................... 4 QTL 精細(xì) 定位 ...................................................................................................... 5 花色苷研究進(jìn)展 ......................................................................................................... 5 花色苷研究現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................................... 5 花色苷結(jié)構(gòu)和代謝途徑 ......................................................................................... 6 花色苷生理功能 ................................................................................................... 7 關(guān)于上位性方面的研究進(jìn)展 ........................................................................................ 8 玉米葉片相關(guān)性狀定位方面的研究進(jìn)展 ...................................................................... 9 第二章 引言 ...................................................................................................................... 11 研究的目的與意義 ..................................................................................................... 11 技術(shù)路線 ...................................................................................................................12 第三章 玉米籽?；ㄉ蘸?jī)蓚€(gè)顯