【正文】 ctly spitting into speaking, people do not use much tablewares when having meals in people mainly use bowl, chopsticks and in serving English meals, they use so much tablewares with different kinds and example, there are different kinds of glasses in English, such as wine glass, cherry glass, brandy glass, beer glass, snifter glass, champion flute and high use of tableware also shows different food culture in different main tablewares in western are knives, forks, spoons, glass and start with, the fork is on the left side of the plate and the knife is on the right knife which used to cut food into small pieces should be hold in the right fork and spoon can be placed either on the left or right hand of the table with the plate in the middle, depending on the person39。出席的賓客也要互致問候，開席前客人先在客廳小坐，吃些茶點。這些迷信的習俗流傳至今，餐桌禮儀在現(xiàn)代中國人的生活中占有相當重要的地位。因為他們懂得“濫用資源，即意味著對環(huán)境保護的侵害”。確實需要離開，要向左右的客人小聲打招呼。每次送到嘴里的食物不要太多，在咀嚼時不要說話。在西方，孩子一般在四歲時就學會了用餐的所有禮儀。這種傳統(tǒng)的宴請禮儀在我國的大多數(shù)地方流傳至今，我們在影視劇中也經(jīng)?？梢钥吹?。s of Syncretism As a country that pays great attention to courtesy, the cuisine culture is deep rooted in Chinese either a Chinese home or restaurant, it is easy to find that table manners are the distinctive courtesies displayed will invariably add to the enjoyment of meals and keep people in high is really an admirable custom to respect others at the table, including the aged, teachers and guests while taking good care of people stress filial piety all the practice of presenting the best or fine food first to the senior members of the family has been observed for countless ancient times the mon people led a needy life but they still tried their best to support the elder mother or father who took it for the hosts in China are all friendly and hospitable, we should also show them starting to eat dinner, the host may offer some words of should not start to eat until the host says, 39。本文從時間觀念、座次安排、上菜順序、餐具、行為和語言幾個方面對中西方餐桌禮儀的文化差異做出對比分析，并由此得出結(jié)論，隨著跨文化交際活動越來越廣泛，中西方人經(jīng)歷了深刻的轉(zhuǎn)變，從相互滲透到彼此接受，人們逐漸能夠尊重和容忍不同文化的餐桌禮儀，甚至趨于同化和融合。如在英國，你若問人吃飯沒有，其含義是你有意請對方吃飯；這對于未婚男女，則表 明你有意約會對方。而西方盛宴、一般四至五道菜，份量以吃完或稍有剩余為最佳。不要舔嘴唇或咂嘴發(fā)出聲音。餐桌氣氛上的差異，中國餐桌上動，西方餐桌上靜。而在西方，右為尊，左為次。餐具掉落不要彎腰拾撿。而筷子帶來的合餐制，突出了老老少少坐一起的家庭單元，從而讓東方人擁有了比較牢固 的家庭觀念。我國北方多木，南方多竹，祖先就 地取材，竹木均成為我國最原始的筷箸原料。所以西方人即使請客吃飯，也是各點各的菜、體意識”，西方文化的思想內(nèi)核則是“個體意識” 各喝各的酒，以免把自己的意志強加于人。對于西方國家來說，個人主義價值觀占據(jù)主導地位，人們之間實行的是各自的價值，體現(xiàn)的是每個人的個體力量。而西方國家體現(xiàn)的是，在工業(yè)社會中的現(xiàn)代文明的折射，刀叉在運用的過程中反映的是分析哲學的思維。這種思想的實質(zhì)是要調(diào)和甚至是取消用極端解決問題的辦法。而西方盛宴一般只有四到五個菜，以恰好吃完或者稍有剩余為最佳。中國人在一起就餐，常常相互勸酒、劃拳，在古代還行酒令，這樣方能顯示主人的熱情與真誠。對此，浙江大學的游修齡教授認為，這與環(huán)境有關。西餐的餐具主要有刀子、叉子、碗、盤子、碟子等。如果是圓桌子，則對著大門的是主座。不應在進餐中途退席。教育孩子們盡量少用易拉罐等現(xiàn)成的食品，并注意節(jié)約用水、用電。他們認為：如果翻了魚身，那么駕車的時候就會翻車。比如漢族傳統(tǒng)的宴飲禮儀程序是：主人向客人發(fā)出請柬，屆時主人在門口相迎。這種傳統(tǒng)的宴請禮儀在我國的大多數(shù)地方流傳至今，我們在影視劇中也經(jīng)?？梢钥吹健Ｔ谖鞣?，孩子一般在四歲時就學會了用餐的所有禮儀。每次送到嘴里的食物不要太多，在咀嚼時不要說話。三、中西方餐桌禮儀的比較：中國的餐桌禮儀是：先請客人入座上席，再請長輩入座客人旁。冷菜也叫開胃小菜，作為第一道菜，一般和開胃酒并用。：在中餐結(jié)束時，筷子應整齊地放在靠碗右邊的桌上，并應等客人們都放下筷子以后，主人示意離席后方可以離開，不能自己吃完了放下筷子就走，這樣做是很沒禮貌的表現(xiàn)。在中國，一家人坐在一起，用筷子合餐，體現(xiàn)了老老少少坐在一起的家庭單元，而西方人一開始就分吃，由此反映出西方人講究獨立，子女長大后就獨立闖世界的想法和習慣。六、從餐桌話語上看中西文化差異中國人請客吃飯時，擺在餐桌上的菜花樣繁多，五花八門。問廁所在哪會說“WherecanIwashmyhand?”“，IwonderifIcangosomewhere?”另外，中國人見面打招呼經(jīng)常會問“你吃飯了嗎？”但是在西方國家，這樣容易使人產(chǎn)生誤解，以為你有意請對方吃飯，尤其是對于未婚男女，對方會以為你有意約會。再以餐具筷子和刀叉為例，在中國幾千年的文化傳承過程中，筷子作為一種文化一直保留了下來，成為中國文明的一種象征。在餐桌禮儀中人們所表現(xiàn)出的行為是各個國家的價值觀的一個縮影，是在各自不同的價值觀的指引下采取的與之相對應的行為。使得我們今后在社會上，與人交往的過程中，更多了一份從容。一、從餐具使用上看中西文化差異筷子刀叉是中西餐桌禮儀最基本差異。刀叉和筷子，不僅帶來了進食習慣的差異，還影響了東西方人 生活觀念。如 手里拿著刀叉時切勿指手畫腳。請客時，年長者、主賓或地位高的人坐上座，男女主人或陪客者坐下座，其余客人按順序坐偏 座。上臂和背部要靠到椅背,腹部和桌子保持約一個拳頭的距離。西方人一坐到餐桌 上便專心致志的去靜靜的切割自家的盤中餐。咀嚼食物不要說話，即使有人同你講話，也要等咽下食物后 再回答。如在宴席上西方人 不議論令人作嘔之事，會千方百計采用含蓄文雅的詞來替代 toilet，如： “Where can I wash my hand?”“I wonder if I could go somewhere.”“ Can I add some powder？”等。cultural differences。s preference on using the general, the spoon is usually for using the spoon, start from the one closest to the bowl which closest to you and ladle out soup then sip from the no soup is being served then it39。待客人到齊后一一就座，以左為上，相對上座的是二座，上座之下為三座。用餐不僅是滿足生理需要，而且也是重要的社交經(jīng)驗，體現(xiàn)著一個人的教養(yǎng)和素質(zhì)。在西方餐桌上也有一些注意事項：比如不要在餐桌上化妝，用餐巾擦鼻涕。飲酒干杯時，即使不喝，也應該將杯口在唇上碰一碰，以示敬意。取食時，拿不到的食物可以請別人傳遞，千萬不要站起來。從孩子上餐桌的第一天開始，家長就對其進行餐桌禮儀的培養(yǎng)。敬酒時先敬長輩和主賓，最后才是主人。s most primitive raw materials of emergence of knife and fork is much later than that of to the research of professor You Xiuling, the origin of knife and fork is related to the life habit of ancient European nomads, who always took knife along them and live on cut down and eat meat as soon as it then on, westerners use knife and fork as their TraditionThe different ethnic and national historical development process may result in different history and of years of Chinese traditional culture reflected in the Chinese Confucianism, Taoism and the core of Chinese traditional culture, Confucianism produces a profound and long influence on Chinese has the traditional thought mainly emphasized “benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, faith”.Taoists advocated “accustomization nature”, “pure” and he Buddhist is advocated “merciful Purdue beings” and “harmony”, “continued”.In the book Culture on Dinner Table, Zhongtian said that the core thought of Chinese culture is group consciousness while the western core thought is individual sharp contrast, the western culture is a kind of “guilt” believe in god created western culture, to be selfcentered, the boundary between people is clear and they do not allow mutual individual culture contributed to western table manners without sharing a plate of Chinese love peace and quiet life in the forest, and in the dining room use cheap chopsticks as chopsticks can also reflect Chinese collective prefer to colonize in restaurants, use a knife and fork in the and fork also can reflect individual consciousness, and noble west of the use of chopsticks we can see the whole course of using chopsticks is collaborative one of them is absent, the whole work cannot be shows that collectivism is the core thought of Chinese knife and fork is born in modern industrial society, which is the production of main material is metal which shows social function