4-3-消化管2(咽-肛管-雙語(yǔ)版)(完整版)
【正文】 rvature of stomach ? long, convex and directed to the left and downward ? at the junction of left margin of esophagus and greater curvature is cardiac incisure ? Two openings – Cardia – Pylorus ? Two incisure 第十頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 Pharynx ? General features – A fibromuscular tube, part of digestive and respiratory systems – Extends from base of skull to the inferior border of cricoid cartilage (lower border of C6 level) ? Three segments – Nasopharynx – Oropharynx – Laryngopharynx 第二頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 Pharynx Lymphatic ring of pharynx ? Forming a circular band of lymphoid tissue at oropharyngeal isthmu ? Consists of – Pharyngeal tonsil – tubal tonsil – Palatine tonsil – lingual tonsil 第七頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 Variations in position of stomach 第十五頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 Large Intestine ? Approximately long, ? Five parts: ? Cecum ? Vermiform appendix ? Colon ? Rectum ? Anal canal 第二十三頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 Rectum ? Position – Within pelvic cavity – Extends from S3 to pelvic diaphragm ? Curves ★ – Sagittal plane ? Sacral flexure: convex backward ? Perineal flexure: convex forward. – Coronal plane ? Upper and lower part－ convex to the right ? Middle part－ convex to the left ? Ampulla of rectum – Lower part of rectum dilated ? Transverse folds of rectum (3) 第三十一頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 Summary 第三十九頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 內(nèi)容總結(jié) Mouth。 。 Pyloric part。 Esophagus Three constrictions 1. positions。 ★ Anal canal ? Structures ★ – Anal columns : 6 － 10 in number – Anal valves – Anal sinuses – Anorectal line – Dentate line ? Above line, of endodermal origin ? Below line, of ectodermal origin – Anal pecten – White line (Hilton’s line) – Anus 第三十三頁(yè)，共四十五頁(yè)。 Cecum ? Position – lies in right iliac fossa ? Shape: – Blind sac, first part of large intestine, with largest diameter and thinnest wall – The ileum enters the cecum obliquely, and partially invagin
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