初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解和練習(xí)(完整版)
【正文】 , get) there等等 d)用“be＋介詞短語”代終止性動(dòng)詞 1.“be in/at +地點(diǎn)”代替go to /e to in the army 代替join the army 3.“be in/at +地點(diǎn)”代替move to 常用瞬間動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表： 1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. e/gone/moved to sw. →have been in sw./at…相應(yīng)的介詞 2. have e/gone back/returned → have been back 3. have e/gone out →have been out 4. have bee → have been 5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open 6. have got up → have been up； 7. have died → have been dead； 8. have left sw. → have been away from sw. 9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep； 10. have finished/ended/pleted → have been over； 11. have married → have been married； 12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ； 13. have begun → have been on 14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had 15. have lost → haven’t had 16. have put on →have worn 17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；18. have got to know → have known 19. have/has gone to → have been in 20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/ have been the Party’s member/ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)（一）一、用過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空：1. “_________ you __________ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.”“When ________ you __________ (have) it?” “I ____________ (have) it at 12:00.”2. “_________ you __________ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”“Yes, I ___________. I ________________ (write) one last week.”3. “_________ he ___________ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”4. “_________ they ever __________ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”5. Your father _________ just ___________ (finish) his work.6. Your father _________ (finish) his work just now.7. Last term I __________ (learn) many English words.8. They ____________ (not read) the interesting books yet.9. He _____________ never ____________ (go) to the science museum.10. ____________ you ever ____________ (drink) coke? you _____________ (buy) a dictionary? “ “Yes, I __________ .”“Where______ you ___________(buy) it?” “ I _________(buy) it in a bookstore.”“When ___________ you _____________ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”二、 單項(xiàng)選擇。have(has) gone to表示“已經(jīng)去了某地，在去那里的途中或到達(dá)那里還沒有回來”。 The old man died 4 years The old man has been dead for 4 years.He joined the Party 2 years He has been in the Party for 2 years.I bought the book 5 days I have had the book for 5 days. 表示時(shí)間段的短語有:for+一段時(shí)間(for 2 years), since+從句(since he came here), since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)名詞( since last year, since 5 days ago),how long。 2)不能與when連用IV. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法A．表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影想或結(jié)果）。一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)II. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has+ done (過去分詞) 注意：表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞，如:e，go，die，marry，buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for，since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。說明：already與yet都有“已經(jīng)”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。 Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自從2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中國(guó)。）2一般過去時(shí)和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：…ago, last week/...in 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday, yesterday ..then(那時(shí)),that day, one day, once(從前)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和recently（近來），ever, never, twice, so far（到目前為止）, since，for，in the past/l
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