黃酮類化合物和腦健康(完整版)
【正文】 ? Memory: Working memory: Serial Sevens task Explicit and implicit longterm memory: Immediate cued word recall and wordstem pletion, respectively Spatial memory: Brooks grid, puterised 3D maze Visual memory: Face Recognition Test ? Executive Function: Computerised Stroop Test, GoNoGo task ? Mood: Visual Analogue Scales. ? Motor skill: Static balance and Dynamic balance Cognitive Tests Improvements in Human Executive Function (Attention) Mean no. of correctly detected targets Sustained ability to correctly detect target stimuli following flavonoid supplementation pared to the placebo (* p 。 FRBM, 2022 Neurotransmitter Receptor PKC PI 3kinase Tyrosine kinase MAP kinase cascades JNK p38 ERK1/2 Akt/PKB Neuronal survival and Plasticity Neuronal Apoptosis CREB cjun Brain Ageing Increases in cognition performance and memory Williams et al: FRBM, 2022 Spencer et al: Genes amp。 15 min。 Chem Soc Rev, 2022 ERK1/2/5 CREB CaMK II/IV PKA PKB/Akt PKC Neurotrophins . BDNF eNOS NO Angiogenesis mTOR Arc/ Bactin Synaptic plasticity Memory and Learning Neurogenesis Synapse remodelling Translation Efficiency Control of Memory at the Molecular Level Spencer et al: Chem Soc Rev, 2022 Changes in Hippocampal CREB pCREB1 (Ser 133) CREB1 Y Y O B O B Hippocampus Cortex pCREB1 (Ser 133) CREB1 0 1 2 3 4 Hippocampus Cortex a *** Relative Band Intensity pCREB/ CREB Aged Young Aged + BB a = p ? *** = p ? Williams et al: FRBM, 2022 Proneurotrophin precursors also mediate biological functions ? Polymorphism that replaces valine for methionine at position 66 of the pro domain, is associated with memory defects and abnormal hippocampal function in humans Hippocampal changes in pro and mature BDNF Y Y O B O B ProBDNF BDNF GAPDH *** a Y O B Relative Band Intensity *** b ProBDNF Mature DDNF a/b = p ? *** = p ? Changes in Hippocampal ERK1/2 pERK 44 pERK 42 Y Y O B O B ERK2 pERK 44 pERK 42 a *** b ** Relative Band Intensity pERK/ERK Aged Young Aged + BB a/b = p ? *** = p ? ** = p ? ERK PKC CREB PKA CaMK Hippocampal changes in Akt pAkt (Ser 473) Akt PKA C CaMKIV (Thr 196) CaMKIV Y Y O B O B pAkt (Ser 473) CaMKIV (Thr 196) PKA (Thr 197) *** b Relative Band Intensity a a Aged Young Aged + B
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