【正文】 is, in fact, the general welfare of all its people. Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented. GRE題材分類 存在論：主觀意識與客觀存在 認(rèn)識論：人類的經(jīng)驗、知識、超驗 時間性：歷史觀 道德論：人性 — 社會組織形式 — 政治 社會發(fā)展論：人性的物化 全球化浪潮 存在論 主觀存在 與 客觀存在 理想與現(xiàn)實 二重人性 客觀存在的主觀性 REALISM VS IDEALISM 對于現(xiàn)實的妥協(xié)讓人能夠生存，而對于理想的追求能讓人真正的生活 The promise with reality makes people survive, but the pursuit of ideal makes people truly live. We are all in the gutters, but some of us are looking at the stars. Oscar Wilde 例題 Educational institutions should dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed。GRE ANALYTICAL WRITING 夏 鵬 聯(lián)系方式：人人網(wǎng)公共主頁 夏鵬 [正版 ] 新浪微 博：夏鵬左派的溫柔 關(guān)于新 GRE寫作的幾個重要概念 核心測試點：（ OG P11） 批判性思維 分析性寫作技能 清晰表達(dá) 支持復(fù)雜觀點 構(gòu)建能力 評估論證能力 學(xué)術(shù)性寫作風(fēng)格(Writing Style): 主題集中 有條理 ISSUE題目： 針對一般性話題提出觀點，包含如何就話題進(jìn)行回應(yīng) 提 出 明確的寫作要求 。 Write a response in which you discuss your views on the policy and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider the possible consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your position. 文章結(jié)構(gòu) topic Introduction thesis statement Body Consequence 1 Condition 1 Position 1 Consequence 2 Condition 2 Position 2 Conclusion 思路 現(xiàn)實角度看，不鼓勵學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)不容易成功的學(xué)科的結(jié)果是： 通過容易成功的學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)讓絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生更加成功 成就感是學(xué)習(xí)非常重要的驅(qū)動力 由易到難的循序漸進(jìn)的學(xué)習(xí)方法是最符合人認(rèn)知規(guī)律的方法 從理想角度看，鼓勵學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)容易成功的學(xué)科的結(jié)果是： 讓少部分優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)需求沒有得到滿足 將學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果作為考量教育的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，否定了教育的本質(zhì) 反思 現(xiàn)實主義：成功，吃喝玩樂，人的基本需求，不反抗，逆來順受、活得很自在，被世俗所接收。s efficiency so that they have more leisure time Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. 思路 Body Technological advancement should aim at improving people’s efficiency people’s efforts on technological innovation are meant to save time for leisure rather than get into more troubles The efficiency is not determined by technology itself but by people, the users of technology When to use How to use Modern people muddle the two key elements, thus turning our lives into plications 認(rèn)識論EPISTEMOLOGY 知識 到底 是經(jīng)驗的（ EMPIRICAL） 還是超驗的（ TRANSCENDENTAL） 幾 個問題給大家思考 ? 美，到底是主觀的還是客觀的？ ? 這個世界上到底存不存在上帝？ ? 為什么 2+2=4？是因為 1+1=2么？那么為什么 1+1=2？ ? 實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這句話對么？ ? Isaac Newton vs Albert Einstein KNOWLEDGE IS BASED ON OUR EXPERIENCE AND LOGICS, YET KNOWLEDGE ITSELF DOES NOT EQUAL TO TRUTH, FOR TRUTH CAN ONLY BE APPROXIMATED BUT NEVER REACHED. AS A RESULT 一道曾經(jīng)做過的題目 Claim: Imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. Reason: People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible without the constraints of established habits and attitudes.[理想與現(xiàn)實、創(chuàng)新與繼承 ] Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based. 思路 Body 沒有過往經(jīng)驗和態(tài)度的束縛，人們的確可以擁有更多的想象空間 過往經(jīng)驗容易造成思維定式，對于創(chuàng)新有阻礙作用 對于過往經(jīng)驗的繼承也非常重要 從認(rèn)知角度 (cognitive perspective)來看，經(jīng)驗是想象力的基礎(chǔ) 突破固有經(jīng)驗 重組固有經(jīng)驗 兩者同等重要 過往經(jīng)驗由于人類認(rèn)知能力的局限，有可能是錯誤的 例題 Students should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. 文章結(jié)構(gòu) topic Introduction thesis statement Body argumentation subpoint 1 + supporting details subpoint 2 + supporting details subpoint 3 + supporting details Concession Conclusion 思路 Acquiring knowledge, students should adopt critical thinking, for it is the only means to seclude falsehood and approximate the truth ? Knowledge taught by the teacher or alleged in the book could be outdated and misleading. ? Questioning motivates students and ensures their reception of knowledge Critical thinking is based on thorough prehension of the existing knowledge, not questioning for questioning’s sake ? Certain premises of knowledge should not be easily challenged, for the challenge of those axioms are not patible for the most students ? Critical thinking is rational, and rationality requires instructional scaffolding that cannot be questioned 反思 批判的是必要的，但是其前提是繼承 批判思維的過程： ? 感性上升為理性 ? 具體上升為抽象 ? 特殊上升為一般 批判思維的特征是：不斷否定，在否定中找到人生的真諦 教育的本質(zhì)：通過束縛和繼承的方式達(dá)到顛覆和啟迪目的 例題 Educators should teach facts only after their students have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the remendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the remendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position. 文章結(jié)構(gòu) topic Introduction thesis statement Body Circumstance 1 Standing point 1 Subpoint 1 +supporting details subpoint 2 + supporting details Circumstance 2 Standing point 2 Subpoint 3 +supportin