汽車(chē)制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)外文翻譯(完整版)
【正文】 as the brake pads wear This is a normal condition and no cause for concern. If the level drops noticeably over a short period of time or goes down to about two thirds full, have your brakes checked as soon as possible. Keep the reservoir covered except for the amount of time you need to fill it and never leave a cam of break fluid uncovered. Brake fluid must maintain a very high boiling point. Exposure to air will cause fluid to absorb moisture which will lower that boiling point. The brake fluid travels from the master cylinder to the wheels through a series of steel tubes and reinforced rubber hoses. Rubber hoses are only used in places that require flexibility, such as at the front wheels, which move up and down as well as steer. The rest of the system uses noncorrosive seamless steel tubing with special fittings at all attachment points. If a steel line requires a repair, the best procedure is to replace the pete line. If this is not practical, a line can be repaired using special splice fittings that are made for brake system repair. You must never use copper tubing to repair a brake system. They are dangerous and illegal. Drum brakes, it consists of the brake drum, an expander, pull back springs, a stationary back plate, two shoes with friction linings, and anchor pins. The stationary back plate is secured to the flange of the axle housing or to the steeling knuckle. The brake drum is mounted on the wheel hub. There is a clearance between the inner surface of the drum and the shoe lining. To apply brakes, the driver pushes pedal, the expander expands the shoes and presses them to the drum. Friction between the brake drum and friction linings brakes the wheels and the vehicle stops. To release brakes, the driver release the pedal, the pull back spring retracts the shoes thus permitting free rotation of the wheels. Disk brakes, it has a metal disk instead of a drum. A flat shoe, or diskbrake pad, is located on each side of the disk. The shoes squeeze the rotating disk to stop the car. Fluid from the master cylinder forces pistons to move in, toward the disk. This action pushes the friction pad tightly against the disk. The friction between the shoes and disk slows and stop it. This provides the braking action. Pistons are made of either plastic or metal. There are three general types of disk brakes. They are the floatingcaliper type, the fixedcaliper type, and the slidingcaliper type. Floatingcaliper and slidingcaliper disk brakes used single piston. Fixedcaliper disk brakes have either two or four pistons. The brake system assemblies are actuated by mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic devices. The mechanical leverage is used in the parking brakes fitted in all automobile. When the brake pedal is depressed, the rod pushes the piston of brake master cylinder which presses the fluid. The fluid flows through the pipeline to the power brake unit and then to the wheel cylinder. The fluid pressure expands the cylinder pistons thus pressing t
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